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Active Filters
32 questions By Tony R. Kuphaldt
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Question 28 of 32
Predict how the operation of this active differentiator circuit will be affected as a result of the following faults. Consider each fault independently (i.e. one at a time, no multiple faults):
- Resistor R1 fails open:
- Capacitor C1 fails open:
- Solder bridge (short) across resistor R1:
- Solder bridge (short) across capacitor C1:
For each of these conditions, explain why the resulting effects will occur.
Reveal answer- Resistor R1 fails open: Output signal is always a square wave.
- Capacitor C1 fails open: No output signal at all.
- Solder bridge (short) across resistor R1: No output signal at all.
- Solder bridge (short) across capacitor C1: Output signal is always a square wave.
Notes:The purpose of this question is to approach the domain of circuit troubleshooting from a perspective of knowing what the fault is, rather than only knowing what the symptoms are. Although this is not necessarily a realistic perspective, it helps students build the foundational knowledge necessary to diagnose a faulted circuit from empirical data. Questions such as this should be followed (eventually) by other questions asking students to identify likely faults based on measurements.
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Question 29 of 32
Predict how the operation of this active filter circuit will be affected as a result of the following faults. Consider each fault independently (i.e. one at a time, no multiple faults):
- Resistor R1 fails open:
- Resistor R2 fails open:
- Capacitor C1 fails open:
- Solder bridge (short) across resistor R1:
- Solder bridge (short) across resistor R2:
- Solder bridge (short) across capacitor C1:
For each of these conditions, explain why the resulting effects will occur.
Reveal answer- Resistor R1 fails open: No output signal at all.
- Resistor R2 fails open: Output saturates (either positive or negative) when there is any DC voltage input to the circuit.
- Capacitor C1 fails open: No filtering action at all, merely operates as a fixed-gain amplifier.
- Solder bridge (short) across resistor R1: Output signal is always a square wave.
- Solder bridge (short) across resistor R2: No output signal at all.
- Solder bridge (short) across capacitor C1: No output signal at all.
Notes:The purpose of this question is to approach the domain of circuit troubleshooting from a perspective of knowing what the fault is, rather than only knowing what the symptoms are. Although this is not necessarily a realistic perspective, it helps students build the foundational knowledge necessary to diagnose a faulted circuit from empirical data. Questions such as this should be followed (eventually) by other questions asking students to identify likely faults based on measurements.
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Question 30 of 32
Predict how the operation of this active filter circuit will be affected as a result of the following faults. Consider each fault independently (i.e. one at a time, no multiple faults):
- Resistor R1 fails open:
- Resistor R2 fails open:
- Capacitor C1 fails open:
- Solder bridge (short) across resistor R1:
- Solder bridge (short) across resistor R2:
- Solder bridge (short) across capacitor C1:
For each of these conditions, explain why the resulting effects will occur.
Reveal answer- Resistor R1 fails open: No output signal at all.
- Resistor R2 fails open: Output signal is always a square wave.
- Capacitor C1 fails open: No output signal at all.
- Solder bridge (short) across resistor R1: Output signal is a square wave at high frequencies (too much high-frequency gain).
- Solder bridge (short) across resistor R2: No output signal at all.
- Solder bridge (short) across capacitor C1: No filtering action at all, merely operates as a fixed-gain amplifier.
Notes:The purpose of this question is to approach the domain of circuit troubleshooting from a perspective of knowing what the fault is, rather than only knowing what the symptoms are. Although this is not necessarily a realistic perspective, it helps students build the foundational knowledge necessary to diagnose a faulted circuit from empirical data. Questions such as this should be followed (eventually) by other questions asking students to identify likely faults based on measurements.
