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Negative Feedback, Part 9: Breaking the Loop

Negative Feedback, Part 9: Breaking the Loop

A simple “break-the-feedback-loop” simulation technique makes for convenient stability analysis, especially with complex circuits.


An Intro to Adaptive Echo Cancellers

An Intro to Adaptive Echo Cancellers

A introduction to adaptive echo cancellers using Matlab simulation.


Adaptive Gain Control with the Least Mean Squares Algorithm

Adaptive Gain Control with the Least Mean Squares Algorithm

An introduction to the least mean squares algorithm and adaptive gain control through a simple example.


The Best FPGA Development Boards for New Designers

The Best FPGA Development Boards for New Designers

Here's a rundown of three boards best suited for beginning to intermediate FPGA designers. Some boards cost thousands of dollars, and it’s unrealistic to compare a board of that cost to a board that a hobbyist would likely choose, so this comparison looks at three popular boards in the sub-$90 price point.


News Nov 30, 2015 by Jennifer A. Diffley
Negative Feedback, Part 7: Frequency-Dependent Feedback

Negative Feedback, Part 7: Frequency-Dependent Feedback

This article will help you to understand why the frequency response of a feedback network can seriously, and sometimes unexpectedly, degrade stability.


Negative Feedback, Part 6: New and Improved Stability Analysis

Negative Feedback, Part 6: New and Improved Stability Analysis

This article will show you a handy alternative approach to assessing stability via open-loop gain and the feedback factor.


Negative Feedback, Part 5: Gain Margin and Phase Margin

Negative Feedback, Part 5: Gain Margin and Phase Margin

How to use frequency-domain simulations to analyze loop gain and evaluate the stability of your amplifier circuit. We need a way to determine whether a circuit is sufficiently stable—in other words, stable enough to ensure that the circuit will perform properly despite part-to-part variations and environmental or operational conditions that affect the characteristics of the open-loop gain or the feedback network. There is where gain margin and phase margin come into play.


Understanding Analog-to-Digital Converters: Deciphering Resolution and Sampling Rate

Understanding Analog-to-Digital Converters: Deciphering Resolution and Sampling Rate

Resolution and sampling rate are two important factors to consider when selecting an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). In order to understand these fully, concepts such as quantisation, and the Nyquist Criterion must be understood to a certain degree.


Negative Feedback, Part 4: Introduction to Stability

Negative Feedback, Part 4: Introduction to Stability

Why are negative-feedback amplifiers susceptible to oscillation? What is the fundamental criterion for stability? Let’s find out.


Negative Feedback Part 3: Improving Noise, Linearity, and Impedance

Negative Feedback Part 3: Improving Noise, Linearity, and Impedance

Use negative feedback to increase your amplifier’s signal-to-noise ratio, reduce its nonlinear distortion, and improve its input- and output-impedance characteristics.


Make an Analog Sound Reactive LED Strip

Make an Analog Sound Reactive LED Strip

This analog design allows your LEDs to respond to your music. Just plug your music source into this which sends a channel to your sound system and some LEDs.


Projects Oct 28, 2015 by Fadi Kasem
Build a Laser Communication System

Build a Laser Communication System

Use a laser and a photo resistor to build a laser based point-to-point communication system. The best part? It's under $10.


Projects Oct 22, 2015 by Jacob Smith
EFM8 Sound Synthesizer: Playing Melodies via USB

EFM8 Sound Synthesizer: Playing Melodies via USB

Part 3 in the “How to Make an EFM8-Based Sound Synthesizer” series.


Projects Sep 17, 2015 by Robert Keim
EFM8 Sound Synthesizer: Driving the Speaker

EFM8 Sound Synthesizer: Driving the Speaker

Part 2 in the “How to Make an EFM8-Based Sound Synthesizer” series.


Projects Sep 11, 2015 by Robert Keim
EFM8 Sound Synthesizer: From Square Wave to Sine Wave

EFM8 Sound Synthesizer: From Square Wave to Sine Wave

Part 1 in the “How to Make an EFM8-Based Sound Synthesizer” series, which will design a sound synthesizer that can play standard musical notes. We will accomplish this using a low-cost, small-form-factor EFM8 microcontroller in conjunction with a few external components and a speaker.


Projects Sep 04, 2015 by Robert Keim
Why You Should be Designing the Perfect Headphones

Why You Should be Designing the Perfect Headphones

There are so many headphones on the market, it shouldn't be difficult to find the right pair. But everyone from Apple to Sennheiser has been trying to come up with the correct formula, and so far no one's nailed it.


News Aug 28, 2015 by Jennifer A. Diffley
Build an Audio Mixer

Build an Audio Mixer

You and your friends are planning the greatest party your hometown has ever seen. Just one problem: you don't have a karaoke system. What's a great party with no karaoke? We're about to fix that. All you need are a few potentiometers and an op-amp.


Projects Aug 11, 2015 by Jacob Smith
Build an Audio Detector

Build an Audio Detector

Detect audio with an electret microphone and a TI CC3200 Wifi microcontroller. This handy project will allow you to set up an audio detection device that can be used to catch your roommate stealing things from the fridge or send you an alert if the noise in your room goes above a certain threshold.


Build Your Own Alarm System with an LM386 Amplifier and an NPN Transistor

Build Your Own Alarm System with an LM386 Amplifier and an NPN Transistor

Build an analog booby-trap alarm system with an LM386 amplifier and an NPN transistor. This alarm system is activated by a trip sensor that sets off a screeching noise, alerting everyone and scaring off thieves.


Projects Jul 13, 2015 by Patrick Lloyd
Knowles Introduces the Market’s Smallest and Most Power Efficient Digital MEMS Microphone

Knowles Introduces the Market’s Smallest and Most Power Efficient Digital MEMS Microphone

Knowles introduces the most advanced Inter-IC Sound, or I²S, interface MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) microphone for wearables, remote controllers, automotive, and smart home automation and security.


News Jun 03, 2015 by Jennifer A. Diffley