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FM Generation Techniques: Solved Examples

FM Generation Techniques: Solved Examples

In this article, we'll solidify our understanding of the reactance modulator and Armstrong modulator circuits by working through a series of design problems.


Infineon Debuts Pair of Rugged MEMS Microphones for Harsh Environments

Infineon Debuts Pair of Rugged MEMS Microphones for Harsh Environments

Infineon designed the two new digital PDM microphones for high-quality audio capture in demanding and space-constrained environments.


News Sep 23, 2025 by Luke James
Armstrong’s Method of FM Generation

Armstrong’s Method of FM Generation

This article explores the concept of indirect FM generation and the basic operation of the Armstrong modulator.


Understanding Varactor and PLL-Based FM Generation Using Crystal Oscillators

Understanding Varactor and PLL-Based FM Generation Using Crystal Oscillators

In this article, we examine two different methods of producing wideband FM signals. Both use crystal oscillators to provide improved frequency stability.


MEMS and Modular Platforms Drive Breakthroughs in Audio Designs

MEMS and Modular Platforms Drive Breakthroughs in Audio Designs

From AI glasses to earbuds to long-range Bluetooth audio, three new product wins highlight how MEMS and RF front-end technologies are reshaping wireless sound.


News Sep 10, 2025 by Luke James
Improving the Frequency Deviation and Stability of a Direct FM Generator

Improving the Frequency Deviation and Stability of a Direct FM Generator

In this article, we explore the limitations of LC oscillators for direct FM generation and how to deal with them using multipliers and automatic frequency control (AFC) circuits.


Packing More Brains Into Buds: Multi-Feature AI on Tiny Silicon

Packing More Brains Into Buds: Multi-Feature AI on Tiny Silicon

Outfitting earbuds with more AI can be a challenge. Learn how compression techniques like sparsity, quantization, and memory-aware scheduling can help smooth the way.


Vicor DCM Non-Isolated Regulated DC-DC Converter Modules | Digital Datasheet

Vicor DCM Non-Isolated Regulated DC-DC Converter Modules | Digital Datasheet

Vicor DCM Non-Isolated Regulated DC-DC Converter Modules provide a compact, high-efficiency solution for bridging 48V and 12V power buses. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!


Using Varactor Diodes for FM Signal Generation

Using Varactor Diodes for FM Signal Generation

Learn how a varactor diode's variable capacitance, together with an LC tank circuit, can drive a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to create FM waveforms.


An FM Generator Circuit Using the Capacitance of a Collector-Base Junction

An FM Generator Circuit Using the Capacitance of a Collector-Base Junction

In this article, we examine a reactance modulator design that employs the variable capacitance of a bipolar junction transistor to modulate the output of a Colpitts oscillator.


Analog Devices Inc. Balanced Solutions Essential Kit | Featured Product Spotlight

Analog Devices Inc. Balanced Solutions Essential Kit | Featured Product Spotlight

Analog Devices Inc. Balanced Solutions Essential Kit provides a ready-to-use platform for testing and prototyping across data center and consumer technology applications. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!


How Hybrid-Driver TWS Earbuds Are Reengineering Consumer Audio Hardware

How Hybrid-Driver TWS Earbuds Are Reengineering Consumer Audio Hardware

Learn the hybrid design configurations used in today’s TWS earbuds, along with the engineering challenges that OEMs face when designing hybrid models.


Introduction to Reactance Modulators for Generating FM Signals

Introduction to Reactance Modulators for Generating FM Signals

In this article, we'll introduce the fundamental concepts of direct FM generation and examine a key FM modulation circuit: the reactance modulator.


Estimating FM Bandwidth: Solved Examples

Estimating FM Bandwidth: Solved Examples

In this article, we'll illustrate the usefulness of Carson's rule for bandwidth estimation by working through a series of example problems.


Exploring the Relationship Between FM Wave Bandwidth and the Modulation Index

Exploring the Relationship Between FM Wave Bandwidth and the Modulation Index

In this article, we'll investigate how varying the amplitude and frequency of the modulating tone impacts the bandwidth of FM signals. We'll also compare the modulation index in AM and FM schemes.


Boosting Power Efficiency with Würth Elektronik WE-PMFI Auto Mini Flat Wire Inductors | Tech Guide

Boosting Power Efficiency with Würth Elektronik WE-PMFI Auto Mini Flat Wire Inductors | Tech Guide

In this Tech Guide, we explore Würth Elektronik’s WE-PMFI Auto Mini Power Molded Flat Wire Inductors—built to deliver high-current performance and thermal stability in compact spaces. Watch now to get started!


TDK Unwraps Smart Home Sensors Marrying High Precision and Low Power

TDK Unwraps Smart Home Sensors Marrying High Precision and Low Power

MEMS microphones, ToF sensors, and motion-tracking IMUs from TDK deliver responsive, energy-efficient performance across smart home appliances, remotes, speakers, locks, and more.


News Jun 30, 2025 by Joshua Tidwell
Mini-Circuits PMA1-14LN+ Low Noise Amplifier | New Product Brief

Mini-Circuits PMA1-14LN+ Low Noise Amplifier | New Product Brief

Mini-Circuits PMA1-14LN+ Low Noise Amplifier is a compact, wideband pHEMT MMIC amplifier designed for high-performance RF applications from 50 MHz to 10 GHz. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!


Startup Intros ‘Most Advanced’ Multi-Gigahertz Timing and Clock Devices

Startup Intros ‘Most Advanced’ Multi-Gigahertz Timing and Clock Devices

Unveiled today, the new timing chips from Mixed-Signal Devices offer 2 GHz performance and use scalable CMOS to overcome the limits of analog alternatives.


News Jun 03, 2025 by Jeff Child
Audio Roundup: The Sweet Sound of Miniaturized, Efficient Audio Devices

Audio Roundup: The Sweet Sound of Miniaturized, Efficient Audio Devices

These three audio devices target amplifier efficiency and transducer size to bring higher sound performance in everything from EVs to AI sports glasses.


News May 01, 2025 by Aaron Carman