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FM Demodulation Using a Phase-Locked Loop

FM Demodulation Using a Phase-Locked Loop

PLL demodulators are popular, easy to implement, and offer superior noise performance compared to many other FM demodulator circuits. Learn how they operate in this article.


Basic Principles and Implementation of the Quadrature FM Demodulator

Basic Principles and Implementation of the Quadrature FM Demodulator

Learn how an analog multiplier or AND gate can function as a quadrature detector for FM demodulation.


µA741: The Op Amp That Made Analog Simple

µA741: The Op Amp That Made Analog Simple

Released in 1968 by Fairchild, the µA741 brought internal frequency compensation and short-circuit protection to the op-amp world.


News Oct 24, 2025 by Luke James
FM-to-AM Conversion Using the Foster-Seeley Discriminator

FM-to-AM Conversion Using the Foster-Seeley Discriminator

Learn how the Foster-Seeley discriminator, a classic analog circuit for FM demodulation, achieves its superior linearity.


Understanding Slope Detectors for FM Demodulation

Understanding Slope Detectors for FM Demodulation

In this article, we'll analyze the single-tuned discriminator for FM-to-AM conversion. We'll then discuss the balanced discriminator and how it provides improved linearity across a wider bandwidth.


Introduction to Frequency Discriminators for FM Demodulation

Introduction to Frequency Discriminators for FM Demodulation

In this article, we will examine the basic principles of FM demodulation through the simplest frequency discriminator: a differentiator.


FM Generation Techniques: Solved Examples

FM Generation Techniques: Solved Examples

In this article, we'll solidify our understanding of the reactance modulator and Armstrong modulator circuits by working through a series of design problems.


Infineon Debuts Pair of Rugged MEMS Microphones for Harsh Environments

Infineon Debuts Pair of Rugged MEMS Microphones for Harsh Environments

Infineon designed the two new digital PDM microphones for high-quality audio capture in demanding and space-constrained environments.


News Sep 23, 2025 by Luke James
Armstrong’s Method of FM Generation

Armstrong’s Method of FM Generation

This article explores the concept of indirect FM generation and the basic operation of the Armstrong modulator.


Understanding Varactor and PLL-Based FM Generation Using Crystal Oscillators

Understanding Varactor and PLL-Based FM Generation Using Crystal Oscillators

In this article, we examine two different methods of producing wideband FM signals. Both use crystal oscillators to provide improved frequency stability.


MEMS and Modular Platforms Drive Breakthroughs in Audio Designs

MEMS and Modular Platforms Drive Breakthroughs in Audio Designs

From AI glasses to earbuds to long-range Bluetooth audio, three new product wins highlight how MEMS and RF front-end technologies are reshaping wireless sound.


News Sep 10, 2025 by Luke James
Improving the Frequency Deviation and Stability of a Direct FM Generator

Improving the Frequency Deviation and Stability of a Direct FM Generator

In this article, we explore the limitations of LC oscillators for direct FM generation and how to deal with them using multipliers and automatic frequency control (AFC) circuits.


Packing More Brains Into Buds: Multi-Feature AI on Tiny Silicon

Packing More Brains Into Buds: Multi-Feature AI on Tiny Silicon

Outfitting earbuds with more AI can be a challenge. Learn how compression techniques like sparsity, quantization, and memory-aware scheduling can help smooth the way.


Vicor DCM Non-Isolated Regulated DC-DC Converter Modules | Digital Datasheet

Vicor DCM Non-Isolated Regulated DC-DC Converter Modules | Digital Datasheet

Vicor DCM Non-Isolated Regulated DC-DC Converter Modules provide a compact, high-efficiency solution for bridging 48V and 12V power buses. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!


Using Varactor Diodes for FM Signal Generation

Using Varactor Diodes for FM Signal Generation

Learn how a varactor diode's variable capacitance, together with an LC tank circuit, can drive a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to create FM waveforms.


An FM Generator Circuit Using the Capacitance of a Collector-Base Junction

An FM Generator Circuit Using the Capacitance of a Collector-Base Junction

In this article, we examine a reactance modulator design that employs the variable capacitance of a bipolar junction transistor to modulate the output of a Colpitts oscillator.


Analog Devices Inc. Balanced Solutions Essential Kit | Featured Product Spotlight

Analog Devices Inc. Balanced Solutions Essential Kit | Featured Product Spotlight

Analog Devices Inc. Balanced Solutions Essential Kit provides a ready-to-use platform for testing and prototyping across data center and consumer technology applications. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!


How Hybrid-Driver TWS Earbuds Are Reengineering Consumer Audio Hardware

How Hybrid-Driver TWS Earbuds Are Reengineering Consumer Audio Hardware

Learn the hybrid design configurations used in today’s TWS earbuds, along with the engineering challenges that OEMs face when designing hybrid models.


Introduction to Reactance Modulators for Generating FM Signals

Introduction to Reactance Modulators for Generating FM Signals

In this article, we'll introduce the fundamental concepts of direct FM generation and examine a key FM modulation circuit: the reactance modulator.


Estimating FM Bandwidth: Solved Examples

Estimating FM Bandwidth: Solved Examples

In this article, we'll illustrate the usefulness of Carson's rule for bandwidth estimation by working through a series of example problems.