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ATT and GATT—How Bluetooth LE Devices Store Data

ATT and GATT—How Bluetooth LE Devices Store Data

Learn how ATT and GATT protocols help Bluetooth LE devices store and manage data, making it easier for connected devices to work together seamlessly.


Vulnerabilities and Attacks on Bluetooth LE Devices—Reviewing Recent Info

Vulnerabilities and Attacks on Bluetooth LE Devices—Reviewing Recent Info

To understand known vulnerabilities and attacks on Bluetooth LE devices, we review some studies from the past 4+ years.


Securing BLE Connections—An Overview of the Security Protocol

Securing BLE Connections—An Overview of the Security Protocol

Learn about Bluetooth LE's security features and tools, how to use them, and understand how they keep connections secure.


Breaking Down the BLE Link Layer—The 7 States of Bluetooth LE Radio

Breaking Down the BLE Link Layer—The 7 States of Bluetooth LE Radio

Explore the seven states of the Bluetooth LE radio, how the link layer state machine manages the LE radio, and the roles of these states in wireless communication.


What is an Application-specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)?

What is an Application-specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)?

Indispensable for modern electrical engineering, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) form a diverse group of integrated circuits (ICs) that help designers to optimize sophisticated electronic devices.


Controlling a Potentiometer-based Servo Motor Using a M5Stack Core

Controlling a Potentiometer-based Servo Motor Using a M5Stack Core

In this project, learn how to use a potentiometer's reading on the M5Stack core to control a servo motor.


Projects Jun 04, 2023 by Don Wilcher
Understanding the RF Noise Figure Specification

Understanding the RF Noise Figure Specification

Take a closer look at the definition of the RF noise figure and discuss some subtleties to help avoid erroneous interpretations of this specification.


Using the Smith Chart to Design a T and Pi Matching Network

Using the Smith Chart to Design a T and Pi Matching Network

Learn more about L-sections and impedance matching by designing T and Pi matching networks using a Smith chart.


Creating a DCO-based Audio Synthesizer With an Arduino Nano

Creating a DCO-based Audio Synthesizer With an Arduino Nano

In this project, learn to create a digitally-controlled oscillator or DCO-based audio synthesizer with an Arduino Nano or an Arduino Uno.


Projects Apr 09, 2023 by Darby Hewitt
L-type Matching Network Basics—Examining L Network Frequency Response and Bandwidth

L-type Matching Network Basics—Examining L Network Frequency Response and Bandwidth

Learn about two-element networks (L-sections or L-networks), how they transform one impedance to another, their frequency response, estimating their bandwidth, and their limitations leading to T networks.


Design a Two-element Matching Network Using the ZY Smith Chart

Design a Two-element Matching Network Using the ZY Smith Chart

Learn about the immittance Smith chart (ZY Smith chart), the effect of adding series and parallel components, impedance matching, and finding a two-element matching network.


Designing Firmware for Embedded Systems Using Warnier-Orr Diagrams

Designing Firmware for Embedded Systems Using Warnier-Orr Diagrams

Go from chaos to clarity by learning how to design programs for embedded systems leveraging the Warnier-Orr diagrams.


Exploring the Basics of Bluetooth Low Energy: A Beginners Guide To BLE

Exploring the Basics of Bluetooth Low Energy: A Beginners Guide To BLE

Learn about the Bluetooth low energy (BLE) wireless communication protocol, namely its features, protocol stack, and how it communicates with devices.


Introduction to Double Data Rate (DDR) Memory

Introduction to Double Data Rate (DDR) Memory

Learn about double data rate (DDR) memory key concepts and applications surrounding this digital communication technique, where two data words are transferred during one clock cycle.


From Parallel to Serial and Back Again: Understanding SerDes

From Parallel to Serial and Back Again: Understanding SerDes

Serialization/deserialization circuitry, known collectively as SerDes, provides important benefits for digital communication systems, especially when high data rates are required.


Offset and Gain Calibration Functions in Precision ADCs: Self-calibration

Offset and Gain Calibration Functions in Precision ADCs: Self-calibration

Learn about the self-calibration or internal calibration function in an analog-to-digital converter (ADC).


Is Assembly Language Still Relevant for Embedded Software Development?

Is Assembly Language Still Relevant for Embedded Software Development?

As embedded systems continue to evolve, you might wonder: should I learn assembly language for embedded software development? Learn the answer in this article.


Ratiometric Resistance Measurement Basics Using an Analog to Digital Converter

Ratiometric Resistance Measurement Basics Using an Analog to Digital Converter

Learn the basics of ratiometric resistance measurements in analog to digital (A/D) converters, how it's measured, and example uses in a digital multimeter (DMM), microprocessor, and various resistive sensors.


H-bridge DC Motor Control Using Complementary PWM, Shoot-through, and Dead-time

H-bridge DC Motor Control Using Complementary PWM, Shoot-through, and Dead-time

Learn about the role of non-overlapping or complementary pulse width modulation (PMW) in DC motor control using an h-bridge circuit, taking into consideration PWM shoot-through and dead-time PWM.


TinyML In Action—Creating a Voice Controlled Robotic Subsystem

TinyML In Action—Creating a Voice Controlled Robotic Subsystem

We’ll be walking you through creating a robotic subsystem with a voice-activated motor leveraging machine learning (ML) and an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense.


Projects Jul 03, 2022 by Jake Hertz