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Class AB vs. Class D: Understanding the Trade-Offs for Piezo Driver Design

Class AB vs. Class D: Understanding the Trade-Offs for Piezo Driver Design

In this article, we explore when to choose a Class AB or Class D output stage for your piezo amplifier design. We'll also examine the Class D stage's power supply requirements.


Understanding Inductors With Gapped Cores

Understanding Inductors With Gapped Cores

In this article, we explore the advantages of introducing an air gap to the magnetic core of an inductor.


Controlling and Preventing Core Saturation in Inductors

Controlling and Preventing Core Saturation in Inductors

Core saturation is one of the main limitations on the design of magnetic components. In this article, we explore how different factors—particularly the number of turns—impact the core saturation of an inductor.


Using Permeability to Understand Magnetic Core Saturation

Using Permeability to Understand Magnetic Core Saturation

In this article, we learn about core saturation and why it should be avoided in most applications. We then examine how different ways of defining permeability can help us predict the saturation flux density of a magnetic core.


Understanding How Laminated Cores Reduce Eddy Current Loss

Understanding How Laminated Cores Reduce Eddy Current Loss

Eddy currents are a major loss mechanism in transformer cores. This article provides both in-depth and simplified explanations of how core laminations work to mitigate the effects of eddy currents.


Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic, and Ferromagnetic Materials Explained

Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic, and Ferromagnetic Materials Explained

This article examines three different types of magnetic materials and how they react to an external magnetic field.


Key Concepts of Magnetic Materials

Key Concepts of Magnetic Materials

This article discusses the following basic concepts related to magnetic materials: the magnetic dipole moment, magnetization vectors, susceptibility, and permeability.


An Explanation of Undervoltage Lockout

An Explanation of Undervoltage Lockout

Learn how undervoltage lockout (UVLO) can protect semiconductor devices and electronic systems from potentially hazardous operation.


Common-Mode Chokes: From Working Principles to Important Performance Parameters

Common-Mode Chokes: From Working Principles to Important Performance Parameters

Learn how these simple filters can help you combat common-mode noise with minimal degradation of the desired signal.


Analyzing and Improving the Ruthroff Transformer

Analyzing and Improving the Ruthroff Transformer

We analyze a Ruthroff 1:4 transformer's performance at high frequencies, then learn how to improve its bandwidth using equal-delay networks and how to redesign the circuit for higher impedance transformation ratios.


A Brief Introduction to Ruthroff Transmission Line Transformers

A Brief Introduction to Ruthroff Transmission Line Transformers

Learn how these classic RF transformers achieve broadband impedance transformation.


How to Analyze Transmission Line Transformers: The Easy Way and the Hard Way

How to Analyze Transmission Line Transformers: The Easy Way and the Hard Way

In this article, we explore two different methods for analyzing the impedance transformation ratio of a transmission line transformer.


Introduction to the Full-Bridge Rectifier

Introduction to the Full-Bridge Rectifier

The full-wave bridge rectifier converts an AC input voltage to a DC power supply voltage. Learn about the operation of this essential circuit.


Understanding the Guanella Transmission Line Balun

Understanding the Guanella Transmission Line Balun

Learn how bifilar coils can be used to build Gustav Guanella’s classic RF balun.


Introduction to Transmission Line Transformers and the Bifilar Coil

Introduction to Transmission Line Transformers and the Bifilar Coil

Learn how a bifilar coil can be used to design transformers for high-frequency RF applications.


Exploring Output Ripple in a Negative Voltage Charge Pump Using LTspice

Exploring Output Ripple in a Negative Voltage Charge Pump Using LTspice

In this article, we’ll use LTspice simulations to more thoroughly understand output-voltage ripple and consider techniques for mitigating it within a charge pump circuit.


Analyzing Oscillator Frequency in an LTspice Negative Voltage Charge Pump

Analyzing Oscillator Frequency in an LTspice Negative Voltage Charge Pump

Continuing our in-depth look at a simple SPICE circuit that can generate a negative supply voltage, we’ll consider the effect of oscillator frequency on the system’s performance parameters.


Analyzing a Negative Voltage Charge Pump in LTspice—Source and Load Resistance

Analyzing a Negative Voltage Charge Pump in LTspice—Source and Load Resistance

Learn about using LTspice simulations to provide important insight into the performance of a switched-capacitor voltage-inverting power supply.


Designing a Wideband Analog Voltage and Current Meter

Designing a Wideband Analog Voltage and Current Meter

Design a wideband analog multimeter to measure AC voltages and currents from 20 Hz to 1 MHz with a selectable sensitivity from 1 mV to 100 V, while the ammeter has a selectable current sensitivity of 10 mA to 10 A.


Projects May 03, 2023 by John Woodgate
Learn Stub Tuning With a Smith Chart

Learn Stub Tuning With a Smith Chart

Learn about impedance matching stub tuning using a Smith chart, as well as single and double stub tuning, impedance contour, and the "forbidden region" of a Smith chart.