Latest Modules Technical Articles

Learn why phase modulation (PM) and frequency modulation (FM) can produce waveforms that are nearly identical or…

Learn why phase modulation (PM) and frequency modulation (FM) can produce waveforms that are nearly identical or completely different from one another, depending on the nature of the message signal.

Learn to confidently determine intermodulation distortion products and the third-order intercept point of RF circuits by…

Learn to confidently determine intermodulation distortion products and the third-order intercept point of RF circuits by working through a selection of example problems.

In this article, we introduce the basic principles of phase modulation (PM) and use example waveforms to clarify the…

In this article, we introduce the basic principles of phase modulation (PM) and use example waveforms to clarify the often-confusing relationship between the PM wave and the message signal.

Using graphical representations to support our mathematical analysis, we walk through the process of how the Weaver…

Using graphical representations to support our mathematical analysis, we walk through the process of how the Weaver modulator transforms the signal frequency spectrum.

Learn about the Weaver modulator, an RF circuit that improves on older forms of SSB modulation by removing the need for…

Learn about the Weaver modulator, an RF circuit that improves on older forms of SSB modulation by removing the need for either sharp bandpass filters or quadrature phase shifters.

The output of a power amplifier can be a function of both present and past input values. In this article, we explore how…

The output of a power amplifier can be a function of both present and past input values. In this article, we explore how to characterize this important non-ideality.

Using phasors, we explore how real-valued bandpass signals are represented as complex baseband signals in the models used…

Using phasors, we explore how real-valued bandpass signals are represented as complex baseband signals in the models used by RF communication systems.

This article uses 3D models of the frequency spectrum to demystify the complex mathematical concepts, such as the Hilbert…

This article uses 3D models of the frequency spectrum to demystify the complex mathematical concepts, such as the Hilbert transform and the shifting property, that make the phasing method possible.

We discuss the basics of implementing digital predistortion in RF power amplifier systems and explore two popular…

We discuss the basics of implementing digital predistortion in RF power amplifier systems and explore two popular techniques based on look-up tables.

SSB modulation improves bandwidth efficiency by eliminating either the upper or lower sideband. Learn about the circuits…

SSB modulation improves bandwidth efficiency by eliminating either the upper or lower sideband. Learn about the circuits and mathematics that make this possible without the use of sharp filters.

We explore the basic concepts of analog predistortion for linearizing RF amplifiers and review some common implementations.

We explore the basic concepts of analog predistortion for linearizing RF amplifiers and review some common implementations.

Learn about a classic amplitude modulation (AM) technique that’s been used in voice transmission for nearly a century.

Learn about a classic amplitude modulation (AM) technique that’s been used in voice transmission for nearly a century.

Learn about an important design technique for high-power RF transmitters: feed-forward linearization, which operates on…

Learn about an important design technique for high-power RF transmitters: feed-forward linearization, which operates on the principle of distortion signal cancellation.

We examine RF demodulation circuits used for both double-sideband suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) signals and double-sideband…

We examine RF demodulation circuits used for both double-sideband suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) signals and double-sideband signals with a carrier.

We explore the implementation and design equations of the second-harmonic peaking amplifier.

We explore the implementation and design equations of the second-harmonic peaking amplifier.

This article highlights a selection of circuits used for amplitude modulation, including a switching modulator built with…

This article highlights a selection of circuits used for amplitude modulation, including a switching modulator built with just one diode and a circuit that incorporates a Class C power amplifier.

Using the second-harmonic peaking amplifier as an example, we explore the basic principles of inverse Class F amplification.

Using the second-harmonic peaking amplifier as an example, we explore the basic principles of inverse Class F amplification.

Among modulator circuits, the ring modulator stands out as one of the most effective for generating AM signals. Learn why…

Among modulator circuits, the ring modulator stands out as one of the most effective for generating AM signals. Learn why in this article.

Learn how this power amplifier uses a quarter-wavelength transmission line to achieve up to 100% efficiency.

Learn how this power amplifier uses a quarter-wavelength transmission line to achieve up to 100% efficiency.