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Design of an Unweighted Audio Filter with Flat Frequency Response

This article presents the design of an unweighted (Z-weighted) audio filter with a flat frequency response from 20 Hz to 20 kHz for the measurement of audio noise.

July 23, 2023 by John Woodgate

An RMS Detector for a Wideband Voltmeter—Design and Operation

This project demonstrates the design and operation of a root-mean-squared (RMS) detector for inclusion in a wideband voltmeter. The RMS detector is useful for measuring certain signal types, including noise, since it provides an indication of the energy in a signal.

June 25, 2023 by John Woodgate

Designing a Wideband Analog Voltage and Current Meter

Design a wideband analog multimeter to measure AC voltages and currents from 20 Hz to 1 MHz with a selectable sensitivity from 1 mV to 100 V, while the ammeter has a selectable current sensitivity of 10 mA to 10 A.

May 03, 2023 by John Woodgate

Understanding Limitations to Increasing SFDR in High-speed ADCs

Learn about two nonlinearity sources, spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR), and SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) in analog-to-digital converters (ADCs).

April 30, 2023 by Dr. Steve Arar

Designing a Quadrature Network Using an All-pass Filter

Quadrature networks convert a single input signal into two outputs with a 90-degree phase difference. This article explains how to design quadrature networks using all-pass filters.

December 23, 2022 by John Woodgate

RTD Signal Conditioning—4-Wire Configuration, Ratiometric Measurement, & Filtering

Learn about RTD (resistance temperature detector) signal conditioning through a four-wire configuration, ratiometric measurement, and input RC filters.

November 18, 2022 by Dr. Steve Arar

Magnetic Field Strength Meter and Calibrator

This project will explain how to develop a system to measure magnetic field emissions at frequencies up to 150 kHz from high-current power cables without cutting or disturbing the cable.

October 28, 2022 by John Woodgate

MEMS Accelerometer Frequency Response and Bandwidth Specification

Learn about frequency response and bandwidth specification of MEMS accelerometers.

December 29, 2021 by Dr. Steve Arar

An Introduction to Digital Signal Processing

This article provides a general understanding of what DSP is, how it works, and what advantages it can offer. To appreciate the advantages of DSP, let’s first have a look at the conventional method of signal processing, i.e., analog signal processing.

June 30, 2021 by Dr. Steve Arar

LVDT Demodulation: Rectifier-Type vs. Synchronous Demodulation

Learn how two methods of demodulation compare: synchronous demodulation and rectifier-type demodulation. Here we discuss each method's advantages, drawbacks, and appropriate applications.

May 23, 2021 by Dr. Steve Arar

An Introduction to Switched-capacitor Circuits

In this series of articles, we’ll discuss one of the fundamental building blocks of analog IC design: the switched-capacitor circuit.

April 21, 2021 by Jake Hertz

What Is the Power Spectrum of Quantization Noise?

Our series on quantization noise begins with a clarification of the framework the author used to determine the scope of his investigation into quantization noise.

March 07, 2021 by Wes Brodsky

Adding a Low-pass Filter to an ADC Model and DAC Modeling

In the final part of this series on modeling ADCs, we discuss one more model and also briefly cover DAC models.

March 02, 2021 by Wes Brodsky

Modeling ADCs Using Intermodulation Polynomial and Effective Number of Bits

In this article, we discuss another methodology of how to model ADCs in system simulations, this time by using the effective number of bits and also adjusting our ADC by introducing a 5th order polynomial to the ideal quantizer input.

February 28, 2021 by Wes Brodsky

Digital or Analog? How Should I and Q Combining and Separation Be Done?

How should I and Q combining be done? Through analog or digital means? This article will discuss the basics of the analog and digital IQ approaches.

February 22, 2021 by Wes Brodsky

6 Causes of MOS Transistor Leakage Current

Leakage current can contribute to power dissipation, especially at lower threshold voltages. Learn about six types of leakage current that can be found in MOS transistors.

February 01, 2021 by Nirbindu Das

Understanding the Leakage Current Components in Short Channel MOS Transistors

This article covers the basics of MOS transistors with a view towards better understanding the leakage current that can occur in such transistors.

January 29, 2021 by Nirbindu Das

Transistor Sizing in VLSI Design Using the Linear Delay Model

In this article, we will learn how to find the optimal size of a transistor/logic gate present in a larger circuit to provide the desired performance using the linear delay model.

November 16, 2020 by Tosin Jemilehin

What Is a Graphene Field Effect Transistor (GFET)? Construction, Benefits, and Challenges

Learn all about graphene field-effect transistors or GFETs. We'll cover their construction, as well as the benefits and challenges of designing with them.

November 12, 2020 by Amos Kingatua

Designing and Simulating EMC Filters with LTspice

In this article, we will review the different types of noise that are present in a circuit. We will also discuss how to perform an accurate simulation of an EMC filter with LTspice.

October 19, 2020 by Ignacio de Mendizábal