In this article, we'll learn how to calculate the noise power and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a double-sideband suppressed-carrier communication system.
In this article, we'll learn how to calculate the noise power and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a double-sideband suppressed-carrier communication system.
High-speed data transmission interfaces such as USB, HDMI, and Ethernet use differential signaling due to its superior…
High-speed data transmission interfaces such as USB, HDMI, and Ethernet use differential signaling due to its superior noise immunity. Even so, some noise still appears. To remove it, we need to understand where it comes from and why.
Though both standards have long been used for serial communication, RS-485 offers valuable features that aren't available…
Though both standards have long been used for serial communication, RS-485 offers valuable features that aren't available from RS-232. Learn more in this article.
In this article, we investigate two metrics used to characterize the performance of RF test and measurement systems.
In this article, we investigate two metrics used to characterize the performance of RF test and measurement systems.
In this article, we explore how the signal source and receivers of a VNA enable its function.
In this article, we explore how the signal source and receivers of a VNA enable its function.
Directional couplers are valuable tools for testing RF systems. However, the finite directivity of these devices can…
Directional couplers are valuable tools for testing RF systems. However, the finite directivity of these devices can cause measurement uncertainty. Learn more in this article.
How does a Class B power amplifier work? What makes it more efficient than a Class A power amplifier? Learn the answers…
How does a Class B power amplifier work? What makes it more efficient than a Class A power amplifier? Learn the answers in this article.
In this article, we explore the types of impedance tuners most commonly used for load-pull measurement—their…
In this article, we explore the types of impedance tuners most commonly used for load-pull measurement—their advantages, their disadvantages, and the methods by which they synthesize impedance.
The output power and efficiency of a power amplifier (PA) are highly dependent on its load terminations. Learn how to…
The output power and efficiency of a power amplifier (PA) are highly dependent on its load terminations. Learn how to characterize a PA's performance by analyzing load lines and estimating the load-pull contours of constant output power.
Learn another way to characterize RF noise components using noise temperature and how this concept clears up how noise…
Learn another way to characterize RF noise components using noise temperature and how this concept clears up how noise figure measurement instruments actually work.
Take a closer look at the definition of the RF noise figure and discuss some subtleties to help avoid erroneous…
Take a closer look at the definition of the RF noise figure and discuss some subtleties to help avoid erroneous interpretations of this specification.
Learn about the immittance Smith chart (ZY Smith chart), the effect of adding series and parallel components, impedance…
Learn about the immittance Smith chart (ZY Smith chart), the effect of adding series and parallel components, impedance matching, and finding a two-element matching network.
Learn about the Bluetooth low energy (BLE) wireless communication protocol, namely its features, protocol stack, and how…
Learn about the Bluetooth low energy (BLE) wireless communication protocol, namely its features, protocol stack, and how it communicates with devices.
Learn about voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), return loss, and mismatch loss, which helps characterize the wave…
Learn about voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), return loss, and mismatch loss, which helps characterize the wave reflections in a radio frequency (RF) design.
This article introduces the Controller Area Network (CAN) serial communication bus, detailing message frames, bus…
This article introduces the Controller Area Network (CAN) serial communication bus, detailing message frames, bus arbitration, and signaling.
This article discusses how to interpret and specify bandwidth in systems that involve data transmission and digital processing.
This article discusses how to interpret and specify bandwidth in systems that involve data transmission and digital processing.
Signal degradation is unavoidable, but various ICs, such as the DS250DF210, can help to restore what has been lost (or…
Signal degradation is unavoidable, but various ICs, such as the DS250DF210, can help to restore what has been lost (or eliminate what has been added).
The MAX14775E offers high-performance capabilities that make it especially suitable for data transfer in harsh environments.
The MAX14775E offers high-performance capabilities that make it especially suitable for data transfer in harsh environments.
The Serial Peripheral Interface Bus enables full-duplex serial data transfer between multiple integrated circuits.
The Serial Peripheral Interface Bus enables full-duplex serial data transfer between multiple integrated circuits.
This article walks through SCADA systems used to automate various power systems used in numerous industries. It also…
This article walks through SCADA systems used to automate various power systems used in numerous industries. It also details what the system is made up of, how they optimize performance in large-scale systems, and how these systems still poses a threat to a company's vulnerability to data and resources.
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