The Hogge phase detector plays multiple roles in CDR circuits. In this article, we'll explore the Hogge detector's behavior, highlight its main drawbacks, and…
The Hogge phase detector plays multiple roles in CDR circuits. In this article, we'll explore the Hogge detector's behavior, highlight its main drawbacks, and introduce a different configuration that addresses them.
Learn how the Hogge detector addresses the challenges of clock and data recovery (CDR) for data signals with limited…
Learn how the Hogge detector addresses the challenges of clock and data recovery (CDR) for data signals with limited clock information.
In this project, we'll construct and test a microcontroller-based system that digitally generates analog signals.
In this project, we'll construct and test a microcontroller-based system that digitally generates analog signals.
In this article, we'll use a nonlinear mathematical model to improve our understanding of how a first-order PLL locks to a signal.
In this article, we'll use a nonlinear mathematical model to improve our understanding of how a first-order PLL locks to a signal.
The phase-locked loop (PLL) is widely used in contemporary analog and digital communication systems. In this article, we…
The phase-locked loop (PLL) is widely used in contemporary analog and digital communication systems. In this article, we develop a nonlinear model for the analog PLL by analyzing its key components.
Learn how the balanced modulator addresses shortcomings of the square-law modulator when generating DSB-SC and…
Learn how the balanced modulator addresses shortcomings of the square-law modulator when generating DSB-SC and conventional AM signals.
In this article, we discuss the basics of RF modulation and how it affects the performance of communication systems.
In this article, we discuss the basics of RF modulation and how it affects the performance of communication systems.
In this article, we investigate two metrics used to characterize the performance of RF test and measurement systems.
In this article, we investigate two metrics used to characterize the performance of RF test and measurement systems.
Learn about the balun, a special type of transformer used in mixers, amplifiers, and signaling.
Learn about the balun, a special type of transformer used in mixers, amplifiers, and signaling.
As part of a vector network analyzer (VNA), a directional coupler enables us to characterize a device’s performance by…
As part of a vector network analyzer (VNA), a directional coupler enables us to characterize a device’s performance by its S-parameters. Read this article to learn more about this important piece of equipment.
This article uses SPICE simulations to explain the functionality of hysteresis based on positive feedback in a comparator circuit.
This article uses SPICE simulations to explain the functionality of hysteresis based on positive feedback in a comparator circuit.
Learn about the theory and implementation of MOSFETs, a key component of today’s analog integrated circuits.
Learn about the theory and implementation of MOSFETs, a key component of today’s analog integrated circuits.
Interested in learning about analog integrated circuits? This article explores the design metrics and applications of…
Interested in learning about analog integrated circuits? This article explores the design metrics and applications of these essential but underappreciated ICs.
This article explains how to use a histogram test with a sinusoidal input to determine analog-to-digital converter (ADC)…
This article explains how to use a histogram test with a sinusoidal input to determine analog-to-digital converter (ADC) parameters, along with the advantages of doing so.
In this article, we’ll take a look at how servo-loop ADC test parameters can be chosen based on the noise level of the…
In this article, we’ll take a look at how servo-loop ADC test parameters can be chosen based on the noise level of the ADC and the desired measurement precision.
Servo-loop testing allows the determination of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) transfer function. This article will…
Servo-loop testing allows the determination of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) transfer function. This article will describe the basics of servo-loop ADC testing and illustrate several different servo-loop test configurations.
Learn more about dithering, namely improving the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of an analog-to-digital converter…
Learn more about dithering, namely improving the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that exhibits differential nonlinearity (DNL) errors.
Learn about using LTspice simulations to provide important insight into the performance of a switched-capacitor…
Learn about using LTspice simulations to provide important insight into the performance of a switched-capacitor voltage-inverting power supply.
In addition to explaining the nature of a negative voltage, this article briefly discusses how negative voltages are…
In addition to explaining the nature of a negative voltage, this article briefly discusses how negative voltages are generated and why they are useful in circuit design.
The receiver in a digital PAM system must sample and measure the amplitude of a signal that is affected by the frequency…
The receiver in a digital PAM system must sample and measure the amplitude of a signal that is affected by the frequency response of the transmission channel.
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