In this article, we conclude our discussion of VNAs by walking through the steps of a SOLT calibration and examining the potential non-idealities of its…
In this article, we conclude our discussion of VNAs by walking through the steps of a SOLT calibration and examining the potential non-idealities of its reference standards.
This article explains how to use a histogram test with a sinusoidal input to determine analog-to-digital converter (ADC)…
This article explains how to use a histogram test with a sinusoidal input to determine analog-to-digital converter (ADC) parameters, along with the advantages of doing so.
Histogram testing is the most popular method for determining analog-to-digital converter (ADC) static parameters. In this…
Histogram testing is the most popular method for determining analog-to-digital converter (ADC) static parameters. In this article, learn the basics of histogram testing and the specifics of how to use a linear ramp histogram test.
Learn more about dithering, namely improving the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of an analog-to-digital converter…
Learn more about dithering, namely improving the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that exhibits differential nonlinearity (DNL) errors.
The receiver in a digital PAM system must sample and measure the amplitude of a signal that is affected by the frequency…
The receiver in a digital PAM system must sample and measure the amplitude of a signal that is affected by the frequency response of the transmission channel.
Learn how dithering can suppress both harmonic and non-harmonic spurs and two different types of dithering systems:…
Learn how dithering can suppress both harmonic and non-harmonic spurs and two different types of dithering systems: subtractive and non-subtractive topologies.
Learn about voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), return loss, and mismatch loss, which helps characterize the wave…
Learn about voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), return loss, and mismatch loss, which helps characterize the wave reflections in a radio frequency (RF) design.
Learn how to derive the wave equations for a lossless transmission line and look at its infinite bandwidth and phase constant.
Learn how to derive the wave equations for a lossless transmission line and look at its infinite bandwidth and phase constant.
An encoding technique used for digital communication, pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) converts a discrete-time signal…
An encoding technique used for digital communication, pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) converts a discrete-time signal into a variable-amplitude continuous-time signal that is suitable for high-speed wired communication systems.
Learn about digital square wave generators using a ring oscillator, a 555 timer-based oscillator, and an…
Learn about digital square wave generators using a ring oscillator, a 555 timer-based oscillator, and an Arduino-generated square wave oscillator.
Analog oscillator circuits are commonly used to create square wave clock signals for the timing of synchronous circuits.…
Analog oscillator circuits are commonly used to create square wave clock signals for the timing of synchronous circuits. This article covers the theory, design, and key features of analog square wave generators.
Learn about the importance of the Fourier series in circuit analysis and the Fourier series equations, while gaining…
Learn about the importance of the Fourier series in circuit analysis and the Fourier series equations, while gaining insight into how this analysis tool works.
In this article, we’ll examine two important specifications of a digital oscilloscope: analog bandwidth and sampling rate.
In this article, we’ll examine two important specifications of a digital oscilloscope: analog bandwidth and sampling rate.
This article describes the internal RC oscillator calibration mechanism available in low-end microcontroller units. A…
This article describes the internal RC oscillator calibration mechanism available in low-end microcontroller units. A basic calibration procedure and considerations on automated calibration are presented.
Learn how to measure noise using LTspice for op-amp circuits with handy examples.
Learn how to measure noise using LTspice for op-amp circuits with handy examples.
Where can EEs use Python in their day to day? Here's a look at the applications where Python excels.
Where can EEs use Python in their day to day? Here's a look at the applications where Python excels.
In this article, we’ll use Scilab to generate numerical signals that can be converted into analog waveforms by a…
In this article, we’ll use Scilab to generate numerical signals that can be converted into analog waveforms by a computer’s audio hardware.
Learn about a DSP technique that extracts the original digital data from a demodulated frequency-shift-keying baseband signal.
Learn about a DSP technique that extracts the original digital data from a demodulated frequency-shift-keying baseband signal.
Scilab’s FFT functionality can help you understand the frequency-domain effects of RF modulation techniques.
Scilab’s FFT functionality can help you understand the frequency-domain effects of RF modulation techniques.
In this article we’ll work with sinusoidal signals in the frequency domain using Scilab’s fast Fourier transform…
In this article we’ll work with sinusoidal signals in the frequency domain using Scilab’s fast Fourier transform (FFT) functionality.
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