This article explains how to estimate the dynamic range a vector network analyzer (VNA) needs for a given measurement, then discusses four techniques for boosting the dynamic range to the required level.
February 18, 2024 by Dr. Steve Arar
As part of a vector network analyzer (VNA), a directional coupler enables us to characterize a device’s performance by its S-parameters. Read this article to learn more about this important piece of equipment.
January 19, 2024 by Dr. Steve Arar
A PIR sensor detects objects to allow a Raspberry Pi Pico running MicroPython code to adjust the frequency of a Science Fair electronic oscillator circuit with audio output.
November 26, 2023 by Don Wilcher
Histogram testing is the most popular method for determining analog-to-digital converter (ADC) static parameters. In this article, learn the basics of histogram testing and the specifics of how to use a linear ramp histogram test.
October 15, 2023 by Dr. Steve Arar
In this hands-on project, we will update a 1980s version of a one-shot (monostable multivibrator) circuit by giving it a modern, colorful output while also examining the circuit's operation.
September 17, 2023 by Don Wilcher
Analog oscillator circuits are commonly used to create square wave clock signals for the timing of synchronous circuits. This article covers the theory, design, and key features of analog square wave generators.
November 13, 2022 by Nicholas St. John