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A Dual 38W Power Amplifier: A Compact STA540-Based Stereo Audio Board

A Dual 38W Power Amplifier: A Compact STA540-Based Stereo Audio Board

This project brief describes how to build a compact dual-channel power amplifier module that delivers 38 W per channel into 4-ohm speakers using STMicroelectronics' STA540 audio amplifier IC.


A Precision Multi-Sensor Data Acquisition Module

A Precision Multi-Sensor Data Acquisition Module

Build a low-noise, 32-bit delta-sigma ADC board designed around the ADS1262. This 10-channel design features integrated signal conditioning for RTDs, thermocouples, and strain gauges.


An Ultra-Low-Noise Pre-Amp For Audio Applications

An Ultra-Low-Noise Pre-Amp For Audio Applications

Build an ultra-low-noise preamplifier with a JFE150 JFET and OPA202 op-amp, perfect for high-impedance sensors, hydrophones, guitar pickups, microphones, and turntables.


Analyzing the Noise Performance of Coherent SSB Demodulators

Analyzing the Noise Performance of Coherent SSB Demodulators

Using a graphical approach, we show that coherent SSB demodulation leaves the input and output SNR unchanged, then compare its noise performance to DSB-SC and baseband systems.


A Four-Channel RS-422 Differential Line Receiver Module

A Four-Channel RS-422 Differential Line Receiver Module

This project brief describes how to build and use a four-channel differential line receiver module for balanced RS-422 and RS-485 data links.


Understanding SNR in DSB‑SC Coherent Detection: A Graphical Approach

Understanding SNR in DSB‑SC Coherent Detection: A Graphical Approach

Visualizing how correlated and uncorrelated signals combine offers an intuitive look at power transformation. See how this difference boosts baseband power to double the output SNR.


A Four-Channel RS-422 Differential Line Driver Module

A Four-Channel RS-422 Differential Line Driver Module

This project brief describes how to implement a four-channel differential line driver module for reliable long-distance data transmission over balanced twisted-pair lines.


Designing a Tuneable Ultrasonic Filter

Designing a Tuneable Ultrasonic Filter

Learn how to build a constant-bandwidth band-pass filter covering 20 kHz to 60 kHz, with an integrated frequency counter for precise tuning.


A 7 to 60 V Input Buck Converter: A Wide-Range DC-DC Step-Down Module

A 7 to 60 V Input Buck Converter: A Wide-Range DC-DC Step-Down Module

This project brief describes how to build a wide-range DC-DC buck converter capable of delivering a regulated 5.0 or 3.3 V output from input voltages ranging from 7 to 60 V.


Evaluating the Noise Performance of Coherent DSB‑SC Demodulators

Evaluating the Noise Performance of Coherent DSB‑SC Demodulators

In this article, we'll learn how to calculate the noise power and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a double-sideband suppressed-carrier communication system.


The Isolated Half-Bridge: An IGBT Gate Driver Module with Current Sense

The Isolated Half-Bridge: An IGBT Gate Driver Module with Current Sense

This project brief describes how to assemble an isolated half-bridge IGBT gate driver module built around the NCD57085DR2G. It features onboard current sensing and overcurrent protection.


Three Ways to Accelerate Cell Layout in DTCO

Three Ways to Accelerate Cell Layout in DTCO

The device technology co-optimization (DTCO) methodology requires generating large numbers of layouts. This article introduces a few ways of speeding up this time-consuming process using automation.


Understanding the PDK Generation Process

Understanding the PDK Generation Process

In this article, we'll walk through the steps of generating a Process Design Kit (PDK) for digital standard cell libraries.


How Do Switching Modulators Generate AM Signals?

How Do Switching Modulators Generate AM Signals?

Using the example of a diode-bridge modulator, we examine the basic principles of switching modulators for AM signal generation.


Using QSPICE to Understand and Tune an LED Blinker Circuit

Using QSPICE to Understand and Tune an LED Blinker Circuit

In this article, we examine the oscillation behavior of an LED blinker circuit in QSPICE and learn how to control its ON-time and pulse repetition frequency.


Introduction to SLiCAP for Analog Circuit Design

Introduction to SLiCAP for Analog Circuit Design

Learn how to design and verify analog circuits using SLiCAP, a Python-based symbolic simulator program.


Transferring SPICE Models From LTspice to QSPICE

Transferring SPICE Models From LTspice to QSPICE

In this article, we'll walk through the process of importing SPICE models into QSPICE and demonstrate the basics of using the QSPICE waveform viewer, including measurement markers.


Transferring LTspice Schematics to QSPICE

Transferring LTspice Schematics to QSPICE

In this article, we'll walk through the process of moving an LTspice circuit into QSPICE and learn some QSPICE schematic techniques.


Introduction to QSPICE for LTspice Users

Introduction to QSPICE for LTspice Users

This article, the first in a four-part series on moving from LTspice to QSPICE, introduces an LED blinker circuit that we’ll simulate with both programs.


Upgrading My Retro Handheld Gaming Console with Motion Control and an LCD

Upgrading My Retro Handheld Gaming Console with Motion Control and an LCD

Follow my upgrade of a handheld game controller as I add a new 1.8-inch color LCD for animated graphics and an accelerometer module for motion control input.