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Bricking Proof: Designing Safety-Critical RTL for eFuse Controllers

Bricking Proof: Designing Safety-Critical RTL for eFuse Controllers

An RTL glitch in an eFuse controller can permanently brick costly silicon. This article covers defense-in-depth FSM design, redundant watchdogs, and formal SVA verification.


Programming Your Standalone Hardware Soundboard

Programming Your Standalone Hardware Soundboard

In Part 2 of this two-part series, we turn our hardware assembly into a functioning soundboard by adding the necessary code in Arduino IDE and uploading soundbites.


Moving Data Through an LTspice Parallel-Load Shift Register

Moving Data Through an LTspice Parallel-Load Shift Register

This article demonstrates the operation of an LTspice shift register and discusses details of its schematic and timing relationships.


Creating a Parallel-Load Shift Register in LTspice

Creating a Parallel-Load Shift Register in LTspice

We explore the design and functionality of a digital shift register intended for use in mixed-signal circuit simulations.


Understanding Dimensional Resonance in High-Frequency Magnetic Cores

Understanding Dimensional Resonance in High-Frequency Magnetic Cores

In this article, we explore the effect of dimensional resonance on the magnetic field distribution in high-frequency ferrite cores.


Understanding the Effect of Eddy Currents on the High-Frequency Behavior of Magnetic Cores

Understanding the Effect of Eddy Currents on the High-Frequency Behavior of Magnetic Cores

The formation of eddy currents can cause problems for magnetic cores at high frequencies. To mitigate these undesirable effects, we first need to understand them.


Using Complex Permeability to Characterize Magnetic Core Losses

Using Complex Permeability to Characterize Magnetic Core Losses

In this article, we use the concept of magnetic field intensity to help explain how complex permeability models the losses of a magnetic core.


Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic, and Ferromagnetic Materials Explained

Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic, and Ferromagnetic Materials Explained

This article examines three different types of magnetic materials and how they react to an external magnetic field.


Key Concepts of Magnetic Materials

Key Concepts of Magnetic Materials

This article discusses the following basic concepts related to magnetic materials: the magnetic dipole moment, magnetization vectors, susceptibility, and permeability.


Switching Losses in Bipolar Junction Transistors

Switching Losses in Bipolar Junction Transistors

With the help of SPICE simulations, we examine two types of power dissipation that occur when BJTs are used as switches.


Circuit and Operation of a D Flip-Flop

Circuit and Operation of a D Flip-Flop

D-type flip-flops are fundamental digital memory components. Here, we examine their input-output behavior and internal circuitry.


Understanding Hysteresis in Electronic Components and Circuits

Understanding Hysteresis in Electronic Components and Circuits

Learn about the behavior and benefits of hysteresis in comparator circuits, magnetic components, and high-power devices.


Introduction to Hysteresis: Rate-Dependent and Rate-Independent Hysteresis

Introduction to Hysteresis: Rate-Dependent and Rate-Independent Hysteresis

This article, the second in a series on hysteresis, explains two types of hysteresis found in engineered systems.


Introduction to Double Data Rate (DDR) Memory

Introduction to Double Data Rate (DDR) Memory

Learn about double data rate (DDR) memory key concepts and applications surrounding this digital communication technique, where two data words are transferred during one clock cycle.


Reducing Distortion in Tape Recordings with Hysteresis in SPICE

Reducing Distortion in Tape Recordings with Hysteresis in SPICE

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The Initial State of Finite State Machines and the Memory Debate

The Initial State of Finite State Machines and the Memory Debate

This article discusses the use of finite state machines (or FSMs) in design, including the initial state and the way memory configuration affects FPGA design.


Using a Supervisory Circuit to Turn a Conventional SRAM into Fast Non-Volatile Memory

Using a Supervisory Circuit to Turn a Conventional SRAM into Fast Non-Volatile Memory

How can you build a fast non-volatile memory from a conventional SRAM? It turns out, you only need a back-up battery and some control circuitry.


The 16 Boolean Logic Functions of Two-Input Systems

The 16 Boolean Logic Functions of Two-Input Systems

Learn about all 16 possible logic functions that can be realized for two binary inputs.


Embedded Firmware Tips: How to Initialize Arrays in C with Signal Waveforms and Other File Data

Embedded Firmware Tips: How to Initialize Arrays in C with Signal Waveforms and Other File Data

This article shows how to initialize arrays in a C program with values from text files.


Assembly vs. C: Why Learn Assembly?

Assembly vs. C: Why Learn Assembly?

This article discusses two programming languages, namely, C and Assembly, and presents the need to know Assembly language for programming embedded systems.