Latest Audio Technical Articles

RF amplifier design is a challenging task, involving trade-offs between linearity, efficiency, gain, and output power.…

RF amplifier design is a challenging task, involving trade-offs between linearity, efficiency, gain, and output power. Here, we examine how a common-emitter circuit can, or can't, function as a power amplifier.

Learn how the available power gain concept can help us solve the problem of designing a bilateral RF amplifier for a…

Learn how the available power gain concept can help us solve the problem of designing a bilateral RF amplifier for a specified gain and noise figure.

In this article, we learn about noise parameters and use Smith charts to design a unilateral low-noise amplifier (LNA)…

In this article, we learn about noise parameters and use Smith charts to design a unilateral low-noise amplifier (LNA) for a specified gain.

This project will cover the design, construction, and testing of an analog filter meeting the ITU-R BS.468-4…

This project will cover the design, construction, and testing of an analog filter meeting the ITU-R BS.468-4 specification, which aims to evaluate the disturbing effects of noise on audio broadcast signals.

Learn ways to test an RF amplifier's stability, techniques to stabilize its operation, and how RF design software can…

Learn ways to test an RF amplifier's stability, techniques to stabilize its operation, and how RF design software can help you do both.

For newbie RF designers, the field's variety of power gain definitions can cause confusion. This article explains how,…

For newbie RF designers, the field's variety of power gain definitions can cause confusion. This article explains how, why, and when to use the operating power gain definition in RF amplifier design.

A PIR sensor detects objects to allow a Raspberry Pi Pico running MicroPython code to adjust the frequency of a Science…

A PIR sensor detects objects to allow a Raspberry Pi Pico running MicroPython code to adjust the frequency of a Science Fair electronic oscillator circuit with audio output.

This article uses SPICE simulations to explain the functionality of hysteresis based on positive feedback in a comparator circuit.

This article uses SPICE simulations to explain the functionality of hysteresis based on positive feedback in a comparator circuit.

Learn about the behavior and benefits of hysteresis in comparator circuits, magnetic components, and high-power devices.

Learn about the behavior and benefits of hysteresis in comparator circuits, magnetic components, and high-power devices.

This article explores the design of bilateral RF amplifiers for maximum transducer gain, and explains how to assess…

This article explores the design of bilateral RF amplifiers for maximum transducer gain, and explains how to assess whether an RF amplifier is bilateral or unilateral.

This article, the second in a series on hysteresis, explains two types of hysteresis found in engineered systems.

This article, the second in a series on hysteresis, explains two types of hysteresis found in engineered systems.

MOS transistors exhibit a wide variety of second-order effects not covered by ideal models. To design analog integrated…

MOS transistors exhibit a wide variety of second-order effects not covered by ideal models. To design analog integrated circuits that will work in the real world, we need to understand these non-idealities.

Learn about the role of gain analysis in the design of unilateral RF amplifiers, first by reviewing the basic concepts…

Learn about the role of gain analysis in the design of unilateral RF amplifiers, first by reviewing the basic concepts and then by working through a pair of design examples.

Learn about the theory and implementation of MOSFETs, a key component of today’s analog integrated circuits.

Learn about the theory and implementation of MOSFETs, a key component of today’s analog integrated circuits.

In this project, we design an A-weighted analog noise filter for audio frequencies. The filter provides a variable…

In this project, we design an A-weighted analog noise filter for audio frequencies. The filter provides a variable frequency gain response that is similar to that of our hearing.

Interested in learning about analog integrated circuits? This article explores the design metrics and applications of…

Interested in learning about analog integrated circuits? This article explores the design metrics and applications of these essential but underappreciated ICs.

Stability analysis is an integral part of RF design. Learn the basics of stability analysis, including how to determine…

Stability analysis is an integral part of RF design. Learn the basics of stability analysis, including how to determine whether a device is unconditionally stable or potentially unstable.

This article explains how to use a histogram test with a sinusoidal input to determine analog-to-digital converter (ADC)…

This article explains how to use a histogram test with a sinusoidal input to determine analog-to-digital converter (ADC) parameters, along with the advantages of doing so.

In this article, we’ll take a look at how servo-loop ADC test parameters can be chosen based on the noise level of the…

In this article, we’ll take a look at how servo-loop ADC test parameters can be chosen based on the noise level of the ADC and the desired measurement precision.