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Omron Electronics P6K Relay Sockets & G6K Low Signal Relays | Digital Datasheet

Omron Electronics P6K Relay Sockets & G6K Low Signal Relays | Digital Datasheet

Omron Electronics P6K Relay Sockets & G6K Low Signal Relays, enabling easy relay replacement to reduce downtime, labor, and overall maintenance costs. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!


 Advancing RF Performance with TE Connectivity’s NanoRF Series Connectors | Tech Guide

Advancing RF Performance with TE Connectivity’s NanoRF Series Connectors | Tech Guide

In this Tech Guide, explore TE Connectivity’s NanoRF Series Connectors — delivering high-frequency RF performance with compact RF/optical integration, precise 50-ohm impedance, up to 85 GHz support, and floating alignment for durability. Watch now to get started!


Google Moonshot Company Taara Debuts ‘Radical’ Silicon Photonics Platform

Google Moonshot Company Taara Debuts ‘Radical’ Silicon Photonics Platform

Taara Photonics integrates 1,000+ light emitters in a finger-sized module, enabling electronic beam steering without mechanical parts.


News Mar 02, 2026 by Luke James
Using Gilbert Multipliers as Phase Detectors in PLLs

Using Gilbert Multipliers as Phase Detectors in PLLs

This article explores the operation of the Gilbert-cell phase detector for both small and large signals.


Introduction to the Gilbert Multiplier

Introduction to the Gilbert Multiplier

This article explores the Gilbert cell, a widely used analog multiplier circuit.


Mini-Circuits ZX60 Low Noise Amplifiers | New Product Brief

Mini-Circuits ZX60 Low Noise Amplifiers | New Product Brief

Mini-Circuits ZX60 Low Noise Amplifiers (LNAs) are engineered to amplify weak RF signals with high gain and a low noise figure, ensuring exceptional signal integrity across a wide frequency range. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!


Second-Order Type-2 PLLs: Bode Diagrams, Bandwidth, and Overshoot

Second-Order Type-2 PLLs: Bode Diagrams, Bandwidth, and Overshoot

Learn how to select the zero frequency, damping factor, and loop bandwidth for one of the most popular PLL configurations.


Introduction to Second-Order Type-2 PLLs

Introduction to Second-Order Type-2 PLLs

This article explains how Type-2 PLLs with an integrator loop filter outperform Type-1 systems. To do so, we'll examine the PLL behavior for frequency step and frequency ramp inputs.


Understanding the Time-Domain Response of PLLs With Lag-Lead Filters

Understanding the Time-Domain Response of PLLs With Lag-Lead Filters

In this article, we examine how adding a zero to the PLL loop filter affects the transient behavior and steady-state errors.


Exploring the Bode Plots of PLLs With a Lag-Lead Loop Filter

Exploring the Bode Plots of PLLs With a Lag-Lead Loop Filter

In this article, we derive design equations for a second-order PLL with a lag-lead filter by examining its Bode plots.


Introducing the Lag-Lead Filter

Introducing the Lag-Lead Filter

Learn how using a pole-zero loop filter improves PLL performance and design flexibility over the simpler lag filter.


Analyzing the Lag Filter’s Effect on PLL Performance

Analyzing the Lag Filter’s Effect on PLL Performance

In this article, we evaluate the designs of two simple frequency synthesizers to learn how a second-order PLL with a lag filter can provide a faster rise time than a first-order PLL.


Knowledge and Nostalgia: 2025’s Top Educational Articles

Knowledge and Nostalgia: 2025’s Top Educational Articles

Ring in the new year with this roundup of All About Circuits' most popular educational content, both technical and historical.


News Dec 31, 2025 by Abby Garfinkle
Roger Harrington: The Man With the Key to Unlock Maxwell’s Equations

Roger Harrington: The Man With the Key to Unlock Maxwell’s Equations

Today, we celebrate Roger F. Harrington as he turns 100 years old. His method of moments became the key for engineers in the modern world to put Maxwell's equations into action.


News Dec 24, 2025 by Lianne Frith
Understanding the Limitations of the Second-Order Type-1 PLL With a Lag Filter

Understanding the Limitations of the Second-Order Type-1 PLL With a Lag Filter

In this article, we analyze the steady-state errors and Bode plots for a second-order PLL with a simple, first-order loop filter.


MAX232: The Single-Supply Transceiver That Shrunk RS-232 to One Chip

MAX232: The Single-Supply Transceiver That Shrunk RS-232 to One Chip

Introduced in the late 1980s, Maxim’s MAX232 made RS-232 interfaces trivial with dual drivers, dual receivers, and their +/-10 V rails—all from a single +5 V supply.


News Dec 19, 2025 by Luke James
Tiny Connectors With Big Jobs in Automotive and Industrial Applications

Tiny Connectors With Big Jobs in Automotive and Industrial Applications

Here's the latest roundup of connectors offering better EV power delivery, industrial SPE networking, and high-current automotive electronics.


News Dec 18, 2025 by Joshua Tidwell
Introduction to Second-Order Type-1 PLLs

Introduction to Second-Order Type-1 PLLs

Learn how adding a lowpass loop filter to a PLL with a single integrator impacts both the frequency-domain and time-domain response.


Panasonic Industry PAN9019/PAN9019A | Featured Product Spotlight

Panasonic Industry PAN9019/PAN9019A | Featured Product Spotlight

Panasonic Industry PAN9019/PAN9019A delivers high-performance, low-power connectivity with dual-band Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.4, and—on the PAN9019A—802.15.4 support for expanded IoT applications. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!


Understanding the Limitations of the First-Order PLL

Understanding the Limitations of the First-Order PLL

Higher-order PLLs are more commonly used than first-order PLLs. To explain why, we explore the first-order PLL's behavior in response to two inputs: a frequency step and frequency ramp.