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Understanding the Limitations of the Second-Order Type-1 PLL With a Lag Filter

Understanding the Limitations of the Second-Order Type-1 PLL With a Lag Filter

In this article, we analyze the steady-state errors and Bode plots for a second-order PLL with a simple, first-order loop filter.


MAX232: The Single-Supply Transceiver That Shrunk RS-232 to One Chip

MAX232: The Single-Supply Transceiver That Shrunk RS-232 to One Chip

Introduced in the late 1980s, Maxim’s MAX232 made RS-232 interfaces trivial with dual drivers, dual receivers, and their +/-10 V rails—all from a single +5 V supply.


News Dec 19, 2025 by Luke James
Tiny Connectors With Big Jobs in Automotive and Industrial Applications

Tiny Connectors With Big Jobs in Automotive and Industrial Applications

Here's the latest roundup of connectors offering better EV power delivery, industrial SPE networking, and high-current automotive electronics.


News Dec 18, 2025 by Joshua Tidwell
Introduction to Second-Order Type-1 PLLs

Introduction to Second-Order Type-1 PLLs

Learn how adding a lowpass loop filter to a PLL with a single integrator impacts both the frequency-domain and time-domain response.


Panasonic Industry PAN9019/PAN9019A | Featured Product Spotlight

Panasonic Industry PAN9019/PAN9019A | Featured Product Spotlight

Panasonic Industry PAN9019/PAN9019A delivers high-performance, low-power connectivity with dual-band Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.4, and—on the PAN9019A—802.15.4 support for expanded IoT applications. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!


Understanding the Limitations of the First-Order PLL

Understanding the Limitations of the First-Order PLL

Higher-order PLLs are more commonly used than first-order PLLs. To explain why, we explore the first-order PLL's behavior in response to two inputs: a frequency step and frequency ramp.


Analyzing First-Order PLLs Using Linear Models

Analyzing First-Order PLLs Using Linear Models

In this article, we'll use the linearized model of a first-order PLL to understand its response to a simple input change. We'll then use Matlab simulations to visualize the signals.


Building High-Performance RF Systems with the Qorvo QPF5001 | Tech Guide

Building High-Performance RF Systems with the Qorvo QPF5001 | Tech Guide

In this Tech Guide from Mouser Electronics, explore how the Qorvo QPF5001 Dual-Channel 12W Transmit/Receive Module simplifies high-performance X-band RF design with integrated PA, LNA, and built-in limiter in a compact 6 mm × 5 mm package. Watch now to get started!


Deploying Renesas Locationing 2.0 for Precision Asset Tracking | Tech Guide

Deploying Renesas Locationing 2.0 for Precision Asset Tracking | Tech Guide

In this Mouser Electronics Tech Guide, explore how Renesas Locationing 2.0 enables ultra-precise, scalable asset tracking with Bluetooth AoA/AoD, WiRa positioning, and low-power Wi-Fi for reliable, long-life, real-time monitoring in complex environments. Watch now to get started!


Photonics Investments—Part 3: Three Game-Changing Photonics Technologies

Photonics Investments—Part 3: Three Game-Changing Photonics Technologies

In the final part of this series, we zero in on three photonics technologies expected to be essential for demanding computing and communication systems of the future.


News Nov 21, 2025 by Gordon Feller
Analyzing a First-Order PLL in Acquisition Mode With a Nonlinear Model

Analyzing a First-Order PLL in Acquisition Mode With a Nonlinear Model

In this article, we'll use a nonlinear mathematical model to improve our understanding of how a first-order PLL locks to a signal.


Interview—R&S Shares Details About Its New Compact 8 Channel Oscilloscope

Interview—R&S Shares Details About Its New Compact 8 Channel Oscilloscope

In this exclusive interview, we learn how the new MXO 3 series provides high-speed acquisition, 12-bit resolution, and "industry-leading" analysis tools in a small form factor.


News Nov 14, 2025 by Jake Hertz
Qorvo’s Solid-State Power Amplifiers 50% Smaller Than Counterparts

Qorvo’s Solid-State Power Amplifiers 50% Smaller Than Counterparts

The compact GaN-based Spatium solid-state power amplifiers extend reliable wideband performance from 2 GHz to 40 GHz.


News Nov 13, 2025 by Jake Hertz
Foundations for PLL Nonlinear Analysis: Modeling the Phase Detector and VCO

Foundations for PLL Nonlinear Analysis: Modeling the Phase Detector and VCO

The phase-locked loop (PLL) is widely used in contemporary analog and digital communication systems. In this article, we develop a nonlinear model for the analog PLL by analyzing its key components.


A New Generation of RF Switches at the Heart of 5G Systems

A New Generation of RF Switches at the Heart of 5G Systems

Learn how advanced RF MEMS switches with high linearity, low loss, and fast switching speeds are enabling modern cellular communication systems.


YAGEO CE X5R Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors | New Product Brief

YAGEO CE X5R Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors | New Product Brief

YAGEO CE X5R Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors deliver high-density capacitance in a compact, embedded form factor tailored for advanced module integration. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!


Amphenol Commercial PCIe® Gen 6 Mini Cool Edge IO Connectors | Digital Datasheet

Amphenol Commercial PCIe® Gen 6 Mini Cool Edge IO Connectors | Digital Datasheet

Amphenol Commercial PCIe® Gen 6 Mini Cool Edge IO Connectors deliver high-performance, compact interconnect solutions for data-intensive systems, supporting both card-edge and cable configurations. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!


Simplifying Precision Positioning with the u-blox DAN-F10N L1/L5 Dual-Band Smart Antenna Module | Tech Guide

Simplifying Precision Positioning with the u-blox DAN-F10N L1/L5 Dual-Band Smart Antenna Module | Tech Guide

In this Tech Guide from Mouser Electronics, discover how the u-blox DAN-F10N L1/L5 Dual-Band Smart Antenna Module simplifies precision GNSS positioning for engineers. Watch now to get started!


YAGEO Tantalum-Nitride (TaN) AEC-Q200 NT Series Resistor | Featured Product Spotlight

YAGEO Tantalum-Nitride (TaN) AEC-Q200 NT Series Resistor | Featured Product Spotlight

YAGEO Tantalum-Nitride (TaN) AEC-Q200 NT Series Resistor deliver high precision and long-term stability through a robust thin-film construction built for demanding environments. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!


FM Demodulation Using a Phase-Locked Loop

FM Demodulation Using a Phase-Locked Loop

PLL demodulators are popular, easy to implement, and offer superior noise performance compared to many other FM demodulator circuits. Learn how they operate in this article.