Latest Audio Technical Articles

In this project, learn to create a digitally-controlled oscillator or DCO-based audio synthesizer with an Arduino Nano or…

In this project, learn to create a digitally-controlled oscillator or DCO-based audio synthesizer with an Arduino Nano or an Arduino Uno.

In addition to explaining the nature of a negative voltage, this article briefly discusses how negative voltages are…

In addition to explaining the nature of a negative voltage, this article briefly discusses how negative voltages are generated and why they are useful in circuit design.

The receiver in a digital PAM system must sample and measure the amplitude of a signal that is affected by the frequency…

The receiver in a digital PAM system must sample and measure the amplitude of a signal that is affected by the frequency response of the transmission channel.

Learn how dithering can suppress both harmonic and non-harmonic spurs and two different types of dithering systems:…

Learn how dithering can suppress both harmonic and non-harmonic spurs and two different types of dithering systems: subtractive and non-subtractive topologies.

Learn about double data rate (DDR) memory key concepts and applications surrounding this digital communication technique,…

Learn about double data rate (DDR) memory key concepts and applications surrounding this digital communication technique, where two data words are transferred during one clock cycle.

Through four different examples, learn about analog-to-digital converter (ADC) system error analysis.

Through four different examples, learn about analog-to-digital converter (ADC) system error analysis.

Learn about characterizing different analog-to-digital converter (ADC) error sources such as resolution and accuracy.

Learn about characterizing different analog-to-digital converter (ADC) error sources such as resolution and accuracy.

Learn about the integral nonlinearity (INL) specification and how it relates to analog-to-digital converter (ADC) errors.

Learn about the integral nonlinearity (INL) specification and how it relates to analog-to-digital converter (ADC) errors.

Learn about eliminating missing codes through averaging, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) monotonicity, and the effect…

Learn about eliminating missing codes through averaging, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) monotonicity, and the effect of ADC nonlinearity on the system's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

Concerning noise analysis in RF analog design, learn about the noise figure metric, including key aspects of this…

Concerning noise analysis in RF analog design, learn about the noise figure metric, including key aspects of this specification through examples.

Learn about digital square wave generators using a ring oscillator, a 555 timer-based oscillator, and an…

Learn about digital square wave generators using a ring oscillator, a 555 timer-based oscillator, and an Arduino-generated square wave oscillator.

Learn how dithering can be added to a signal to improve the performance of an analog-to-digital conversion system by…

Learn how dithering can be added to a signal to improve the performance of an analog-to-digital conversion system by eliminating quantization error and distortion.

MEMS silicon microphones are in everything from cellphones, hearing aids, smart speakers, computers, and vehicles. Learn…

MEMS silicon microphones are in everything from cellphones, hearing aids, smart speakers, computers, and vehicles. Learn the basics of how they work, their use, and what’s available.

Analog oscillator circuits are commonly used to create square wave clock signals for the timing of synchronous circuits.…

Analog oscillator circuits are commonly used to create square wave clock signals for the timing of synchronous circuits. This article covers the theory, design, and key features of analog square wave generators.

Learn about the importance of the Fourier series in circuit analysis and the Fourier series equations, while gaining…

Learn about the importance of the Fourier series in circuit analysis and the Fourier series equations, while gaining insight into how this analysis tool works.

Learn about the aging behavior of resistors and amplifiers using temperature calculations and the Arrhenius equation to…

Learn about the aging behavior of resistors and amplifiers using temperature calculations and the Arrhenius equation to understand resistor drift, resistor stability, and op-amp drift.

Learn about charge amplifier limitations at low frequencies, the effects of time constants, and how the drift phenomenon…

Learn about charge amplifier limitations at low frequencies, the effects of time constants, and how the drift phenomenon can also introduce errors in low-frequency measurements.

Learn about charge amplifiers which are used for charge output conversion of a piezoelectric sensor into a usable voltage signal.

Learn about charge amplifiers which are used for charge output conversion of a piezoelectric sensor into a usable voltage signal.

Learn about how system nonlinearity creates distortion in audio signals that impacts the sounds we hear. We will examine…

Learn about how system nonlinearity creates distortion in audio signals that impacts the sounds we hear. We will examine sine waves, harmonics, and intermodulation distortion.