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Negative Feedback Part 3: Improving Noise, Linearity, and Impedance

Negative Feedback Part 3: Improving Noise, Linearity, and Impedance

Use negative feedback to increase your amplifier’s signal-to-noise ratio, reduce its nonlinear distortion, and improve its input- and output-impedance characteristics.


Understanding Electricity with Hydraulics

Understanding Electricity with Hydraulics

An overview of how the concepts of electron flow and the role of individual circuit components can be related to the flow of fluid in pipe networks. The analogy between hydraulics and electricity is a useful tool for teaching and for those who are struggling to understand how circuits work.


Negative Feedback, Part 2: Improving Gain Sensitivity and Bandwidth

Negative Feedback, Part 2: Improving Gain Sensitivity and Bandwidth

Having introduced the general negative feedback structure, we will now demonstrate that negative feedback has a beneficial effect on two important characteristics of amplifier circuits.


Control Your AC Mains with a Microcontroller

Control Your AC Mains with a Microcontroller

Learn how to put together your own toaster oven controller with a handful of inexpensive, through-hole parts. The emphasis is on safety, low price, and minimal modification of the toaster oven.


Projects Nov 09, 2015 by Patrick Lloyd
Negative Feedback, Part 1: General Structure and Essential Concepts

Negative Feedback, Part 1: General Structure and Essential Concepts

This article, the first in a series, will introduce you to the fundamental concepts required for understanding and analyzing negative feedback amplifiers.


Build 9 Simple, Low-noise Linear Voltage Regulators Using the Same PCB

Build 9 Simple, Low-noise Linear Voltage Regulators Using the Same PCB

What linear voltage regulator circuits lack in efficiency, they make up in simplicity and low noise. Here's a scheme for 9 voltages from 2.5V to 15V on the same PCB design.


How to Build a Robot - Testing Hardware

How to Build a Robot - Testing Hardware

Part three of a series of articles on building a robot that can follow lines or walls and avoid obstacles!


How to Build a Robot - PCB Design

How to Build a Robot - PCB Design

Part two of a series of articles on building a robot that can follow lines or walls and avoid obstacles! This time we'll be covering PCB design.


How to Use a Rotary Encoder in an MCU-Based Project

How to Use a Rotary Encoder in an MCU-Based Project

Learn how to use a rotary encoder in an Arduino project. Rotary encoders are electromechanical, electro-optical or electro-magnetic devices which convert rotational motion into digital or analog information.


Projects Nov 01, 2015 by Tim Youngblood
Make an Analog Sound Reactive LED Strip

Make an Analog Sound Reactive LED Strip

This analog design allows your LEDs to respond to your music. Just plug your music source into this which sends a channel to your sound system and some LEDs.


Projects Oct 28, 2015 by Fadi Kasem
Get Started with Matplotlib in Python to Visualize Data Collected from Measurement Instruments

Get Started with Matplotlib in Python to Visualize Data Collected from Measurement Instruments

This article explains how to install PyVisa and MatPlotlib for Python. PyVisa connects a computer to the measurement instruments and matplotlib helps to visualize the data collected from these instruments.


Projects Oct 24, 2015 by Ujjwal Roy
Build a Laser Communication System

Build a Laser Communication System

Use a laser and a photo resistor to build a laser based point-to-point communication system. The best part? It's under $10.


Projects Oct 22, 2015 by Jacob Smith
Wireless Power for Noise-Sensitive Circuits

Wireless Power for Noise-Sensitive Circuits

Is IDT’s Tx/Rx wireless power solution suitable for applications that require high-precision analog performance?


Projects Oct 21, 2015 by Robert Keim
Build an Arduino-LabVIEW Analog Voltmeter

Build an Arduino-LabVIEW Analog Voltmeter

This project will show how to build a basic analog voltmeter using an Arduino Uno, LabVIEW software, and littleBits electronics modules.


Projects Oct 19, 2015 by Don Wilcher
Learning to Simplify: Thevenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits

Learning to Simplify: Thevenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits

This article reviews the basics of finding Thevenin and Norton equivalents and discusses how to apply Thevenin's theorem to a practical circuit.


EFM8 Sound Synthesizer: Playing Melodies via USB

EFM8 Sound Synthesizer: Playing Melodies via USB

Part 3 in the “How to Make an EFM8-Based Sound Synthesizer” series.


Projects Sep 17, 2015 by Robert Keim
EFM8 Sound Synthesizer: Driving the Speaker

EFM8 Sound Synthesizer: Driving the Speaker

Part 2 in the “How to Make an EFM8-Based Sound Synthesizer” series.


Projects Sep 11, 2015 by Robert Keim
More First Order Opamp Circuits - Differentiators

More First Order Opamp Circuits - Differentiators

All of our previous circuits dealt with opamps using resistors in the feedback loop. What happens when we start swapping out resistors for other passive components?


EFM8 Sound Synthesizer: From Square Wave to Sine Wave

EFM8 Sound Synthesizer: From Square Wave to Sine Wave

Part 1 in the “How to Make an EFM8-Based Sound Synthesizer” series, which will design a sound synthesizer that can play standard musical notes. We will accomplish this using a low-cost, small-form-factor EFM8 microcontroller in conjunction with a few external components and a speaker.


Projects Sep 04, 2015 by Robert Keim
Switch Bounce and How to Deal with It

Switch Bounce and How to Deal with It

In this article I will discuss what switch bounce is and some ways to deal with it. First I will take you through the theory, and later I will show you some ways to handle it in both hardware and in software.