This article explores the operation of the Gilbert-cell phase detector for both small and large signals.
This article explores the operation of the Gilbert-cell phase detector for both small and large signals.
This article explores the Gilbert cell, a widely used analog multiplier circuit.
This article explores the Gilbert cell, a widely used analog multiplier circuit.
Learn how to select the zero frequency, damping factor, and loop bandwidth for one of the most popular PLL configurations.
Learn how to select the zero frequency, damping factor, and loop bandwidth for one of the most popular PLL configurations.
This article explains how Type-2 PLLs with an integrator loop filter outperform Type-1 systems. To do so, we'll examine…
This article explains how Type-2 PLLs with an integrator loop filter outperform Type-1 systems. To do so, we'll examine the PLL behavior for frequency step and frequency ramp inputs.
In this article, we examine how adding a zero to the PLL loop filter affects the transient behavior and steady-state errors.
In this article, we examine how adding a zero to the PLL loop filter affects the transient behavior and steady-state errors.
In this article, we derive design equations for a second-order PLL with a lag-lead filter by examining its Bode plots.
In this article, we derive design equations for a second-order PLL with a lag-lead filter by examining its Bode plots.
Learn how using a pole-zero loop filter improves PLL performance and design flexibility over the simpler lag filter.
Learn how using a pole-zero loop filter improves PLL performance and design flexibility over the simpler lag filter.
In this article, we evaluate the designs of two simple frequency synthesizers to learn how a second-order PLL with a lag…
In this article, we evaluate the designs of two simple frequency synthesizers to learn how a second-order PLL with a lag filter can provide a faster rise time than a first-order PLL.
Ring in the new year with this roundup of All About Circuits' most popular educational content, both technical and historical.
Ring in the new year with this roundup of All About Circuits' most popular educational content, both technical and historical.
In this article, we analyze the steady-state errors and Bode plots for a second-order PLL with a simple, first-order loop filter.
In this article, we analyze the steady-state errors and Bode plots for a second-order PLL with a simple, first-order loop filter.
Learn how adding a lowpass loop filter to a PLL with a single integrator impacts both the frequency-domain and…
Learn how adding a lowpass loop filter to a PLL with a single integrator impacts both the frequency-domain and time-domain response.
Panasonic Industry PAN9019/PAN9019A delivers high-performance, low-power connectivity with dual-band Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth…
Panasonic Industry PAN9019/PAN9019A delivers high-performance, low-power connectivity with dual-band Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.4, and—on the PAN9019A—802.15.4 support for expanded IoT applications. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!
Higher-order PLLs are more commonly used than first-order PLLs. To explain why, we explore the first-order PLL's behavior…
Higher-order PLLs are more commonly used than first-order PLLs. To explain why, we explore the first-order PLL's behavior in response to two inputs: a frequency step and frequency ramp.
In this article, we'll use the linearized model of a first-order PLL to understand its response to a simple input change.…
In this article, we'll use the linearized model of a first-order PLL to understand its response to a simple input change. We'll then use Matlab simulations to visualize the signals.
In this article, we'll use a nonlinear mathematical model to improve our understanding of how a first-order PLL locks to a signal.
In this article, we'll use a nonlinear mathematical model to improve our understanding of how a first-order PLL locks to a signal.
The phase-locked loop (PLL) is widely used in contemporary analog and digital communication systems. In this article, we…
The phase-locked loop (PLL) is widely used in contemporary analog and digital communication systems. In this article, we develop a nonlinear model for the analog PLL by analyzing its key components.
YAGEO CE X5R Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors deliver high-density capacitance in a compact, embedded form factor tailored…
YAGEO CE X5R Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors deliver high-density capacitance in a compact, embedded form factor tailored for advanced module integration. Watch and learn all about their features, specs, applications, and more!
PLL demodulators are popular, easy to implement, and offer superior noise performance compared to many other FM…
PLL demodulators are popular, easy to implement, and offer superior noise performance compared to many other FM demodulator circuits. Learn how they operate in this article.
Learn how an analog multiplier or AND gate can function as a quadrature detector for FM demodulation.
Learn how an analog multiplier or AND gate can function as a quadrature detector for FM demodulation.
Learn how the Foster-Seeley discriminator, a classic analog circuit for FM demodulation, achieves its superior linearity.
Learn how the Foster-Seeley discriminator, a classic analog circuit for FM demodulation, achieves its superior linearity.
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