Latest Modulation Articles and Videos

Using a simple example, this article examines the frequency spectra of frequency-modulated (FM) and phase-modulated (PM)…

Using a simple example, this article examines the frequency spectra of frequency-modulated (FM) and phase-modulated (PM) waves for a low modulation index.

Learn why phase modulation (PM) and frequency modulation (FM) can produce waveforms that are nearly identical or…

Learn why phase modulation (PM) and frequency modulation (FM) can produce waveforms that are nearly identical or completely different from one another, depending on the nature of the message signal.

Learn to confidently determine intermodulation distortion products and the third-order intercept point of RF circuits by…

Learn to confidently determine intermodulation distortion products and the third-order intercept point of RF circuits by working through a selection of example problems.

Unveiled today, the new timing chips from Mixed-Signal Devices offer 2 GHz performance and use scalable CMOS to overcome…

Unveiled today, the new timing chips from Mixed-Signal Devices offer 2 GHz performance and use scalable CMOS to overcome the limits of analog alternatives.

In this article, we’ll explore the mathematical relationship between phase modulation (PM) and frequency modulation…

In this article, we’ll explore the mathematical relationship between phase modulation (PM) and frequency modulation (FM). We’ll then learn how a PM modulator can be used to generate FM signals, and vice versa.

Learn how the two-tone input test helps us evaluate the nonlinearity of RF systems operating on real-world signals.

Learn how the two-tone input test helps us evaluate the nonlinearity of RF systems operating on real-world signals.

In this article, we introduce the basic principles of phase modulation (PM) and use example waveforms to clarify the…

In this article, we introduce the basic principles of phase modulation (PM) and use example waveforms to clarify the often-confusing relationship between the PM wave and the message signal.

Using graphical representations to support our mathematical analysis, we walk through the process of how the Weaver…

Using graphical representations to support our mathematical analysis, we walk through the process of how the Weaver modulator transforms the signal frequency spectrum.

Learn about the Weaver modulator, an RF circuit that improves on older forms of SSB modulation by removing the need for…

Learn about the Weaver modulator, an RF circuit that improves on older forms of SSB modulation by removing the need for either sharp bandpass filters or quadrature phase shifters.

Using phasors, we explore how real-valued bandpass signals are represented as complex baseband signals in the models used…

Using phasors, we explore how real-valued bandpass signals are represented as complex baseband signals in the models used by RF communication systems.

This article uses 3D models of the frequency spectrum to demystify the complex mathematical concepts, such as the Hilbert…

This article uses 3D models of the frequency spectrum to demystify the complex mathematical concepts, such as the Hilbert transform and the shifting property, that make the phasing method possible.

SSB modulation improves bandwidth efficiency by eliminating either the upper or lower sideband. Learn about the circuits…

SSB modulation improves bandwidth efficiency by eliminating either the upper or lower sideband. Learn about the circuits and mathematics that make this possible without the use of sharp filters.

Learn about a classic amplitude modulation (AM) technique that’s been used in voice transmission for nearly a century.

Learn about a classic amplitude modulation (AM) technique that’s been used in voice transmission for nearly a century.

We examine RF demodulation circuits used for both double-sideband suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) signals and double-sideband…

We examine RF demodulation circuits used for both double-sideband suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) signals and double-sideband signals with a carrier.

This article highlights a selection of circuits used for amplitude modulation, including a switching modulator built with…

This article highlights a selection of circuits used for amplitude modulation, including a switching modulator built with just one diode and a circuit that incorporates a Class C power amplifier.

Among modulator circuits, the ring modulator stands out as one of the most effective for generating AM signals. Learn why…

Among modulator circuits, the ring modulator stands out as one of the most effective for generating AM signals. Learn why in this article.

Using the example of a diode-bridge modulator, we examine the basic principles of switching modulators for AM signal generation.

Using the example of a diode-bridge modulator, we examine the basic principles of switching modulators for AM signal generation.

Learn how the balanced modulator addresses shortcomings of the square-law modulator when generating DSB-SC and…

Learn how the balanced modulator addresses shortcomings of the square-law modulator when generating DSB-SC and conventional AM signals.

In this article, we explore the foundational concepts of square-law modulators and examine some circuit implementations.

In this article, we explore the foundational concepts of square-law modulators and examine some circuit implementations.