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Can Voltage Be Negative? Understanding Negative Voltage

Can Voltage Be Negative? Understanding Negative Voltage

In addition to explaining the nature of a negative voltage, this article briefly discusses how negative voltages are generated and why they are useful in circuit design.


Reducing Quantization Distortion Via Subtractive and Non-subtractive Dithering

Reducing Quantization Distortion Via Subtractive and Non-subtractive Dithering

Learn how dithering can suppress both harmonic and non-harmonic spurs and two different types of dithering systems: subtractive and non-subtractive topologies.


Introduction to Multiphase DC-DC Converters

Introduction to Multiphase DC-DC Converters

This article explores step-down switching power supplies that divide output current among multiple regulation subcircuits operating in parallel.


Error Analysis in Analog-to-digital Converter (ADC) Applications

Error Analysis in Analog-to-digital Converter (ADC) Applications

Through four different examples, learn about analog-to-digital converter (ADC) system error analysis.


ADC Resolution vs. Accuracy—Sub-range ADCs, Two-step ADCs, and TUE

ADC Resolution vs. Accuracy—Sub-range ADCs, Two-step ADCs, and TUE

Learn about characterizing different analog-to-digital converter (ADC) error sources such as resolution and accuracy.


ADC INL Errors—Best Fit Line, Total Unadjusted Error, Absolute and Relative Accuracy

ADC INL Errors—Best Fit Line, Total Unadjusted Error, Absolute and Relative Accuracy

Learn more about integral nonlinearity (INL) in analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), like the best fit line INL definition, absolute accuracy, relative accuracy, and total unadjusted error (TUE).


Understanding ADC Integral Nonlinearity (INL) Error

Understanding ADC Integral Nonlinearity (INL) Error

Learn about the integral nonlinearity (INL) specification and how it relates to analog-to-digital converter (ADC) errors.


ADC Nonlinearity—Missing Codes, Monotonicity, and Nonlinearity Effect on SNR

ADC Nonlinearity—Missing Codes, Monotonicity, and Nonlinearity Effect on SNR

Learn about eliminating missing codes through averaging, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) monotonicity, and the effect of ADC nonlinearity on the system's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).


Understanding ADC Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) Error

Understanding ADC Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) Error

Learn about an imperfection that can affect the system response, the ADC’s nonlinearity, namely the differential nonlinearity (DNL) and integral nonlinearity (INL) specifications.


What is Dithering? Using Dithering to Eliminate Quantization Distortion

What is Dithering? Using Dithering to Eliminate Quantization Distortion

Learn how dithering can be added to a signal to improve the performance of an analog-to-digital conversion system by eliminating quantization error and distortion.


System Calibration and Background Calibration in Precision ADCs

System Calibration and Background Calibration in Precision ADCs

Learn about two calibration functions in precision ADCs: system calibration and background calibration modes.


Offset and Gain Calibration Functions in Precision ADCs: Self-calibration

Offset and Gain Calibration Functions in Precision ADCs: Self-calibration

Learn about the self-calibration or internal calibration function in an analog-to-digital converter (ADC).


Trim Out ADC Offset and Gain Error Using Two Point Calibration

Trim Out ADC Offset and Gain Error Using Two Point Calibration

Learn about the two-point calibration method and the fixed-point implementation to compensate for analog-to-digital converter (ADC) offset and gain errors through an example.


Understanding CMRR and its Relationship With ADC Offset Error

Understanding CMRR and its Relationship With ADC Offset Error

Learn how variations of the common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) can affect an analog-to-digital converter's (ADC) performance.


An Introduction to RTD Sensor Signal Conditioning Circuits

An Introduction to RTD Sensor Signal Conditioning Circuits

Learn about the basics of different signal conditioning circuits for RTD applications, including a voltage divider, Wheatstone bridge circuit, and delta-sigma (ΔΣ) converter.


Ratiometric Resistance Measurement Basics Using an Analog to Digital Converter

Ratiometric Resistance Measurement Basics Using an Analog to Digital Converter

Learn the basics of ratiometric resistance measurements in analog to digital (A/D) converters, how it's measured, and example uses in a digital multimeter (DMM), microprocessor, and various resistive sensors.


Offset Error and Gain Error in a Bipolar ADC and Differential ADC

Offset Error and Gain Error in a Bipolar ADC and Differential ADC

Concerning analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), learn about offset errors and gain errors in a bipolar ADC and differential ADC as well as offset error single-point calibration.


ADC Offset and ADC Gain Error Specifications

ADC Offset and ADC Gain Error Specifications

Learn about the offset and gain error specifications for ADCs, like the ADC transfer function and work through an example of an ADC offset error and ADC gain error.


Learn How Integrated Solutions Can Increase the Accuracy of Resistive Current Sensing

Learn How Integrated Solutions Can Increase the Accuracy of Resistive Current Sensing

In this article, we’ll discuss why a discrete implementation cannot provide a high accuracy in resistive current sensing.


An Introduction to Digital Signal Processing

An Introduction to Digital Signal Processing

This article provides a general understanding of what DSP is, how it works, and what advantages it can offer. To appreciate the advantages of DSP, let’s first have a look at the conventional method of signal processing, i.e., analog signal processing.