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The Actively Loaded MOSFET Differential Pair: Measuring Lambda, Predicting Gain

The Actively Loaded MOSFET Differential Pair: Measuring Lambda, Predicting Gain

In this article, we’ll look at the equation for differential gain and use LTspice to find the value of the channel-length-modulation parameter referred to as lambda (λ).


Building an RC Robot Using a Wheelchair Base

Building an RC Robot Using a Wheelchair Base

This two-part project will begin by showing you how to create a robot base from a used electric wheelchair. Part 1 creates a simple robot platform for use with remote control. Part 2 will develop a platform for use with and Arduino.


Projects Jul 06, 2016 by Mark Hughes
The Actively Loaded MOSFET Differential Pair: Output Resistance

The Actively Loaded MOSFET Differential Pair: Output Resistance

In this article, we’ll discuss MOSFET small-signal output resistance as we make our way toward predicting the gain of the actively loaded differential pair.


Understanding Arduino UNO Hardware Design

Understanding Arduino UNO Hardware Design

This article explains how Arduino works from an electronic design perspective. It also explains the role of every part of the Arduino.


Build Your Own PCB Chemical Tank

Build Your Own PCB Chemical Tank

Learn how to make your own DIY printed circuit board (PCB) tank, step by step.


Projects Jun 30, 2016 by Robin Mitchell
How Piezoelectric Speakers Work

How Piezoelectric Speakers Work

Piezoelectric materials change shape when exposed to electric fields. By causing them to change shape at specific times, we can use them to create sound.


From Filter Specs to Window Parameters in FIR Filter Design

From Filter Specs to Window Parameters in FIR Filter Design

Learn how to use filter specs to help choose the best window parameters for your FIR filter design.


An Introduction to Rectifier Circuits

An Introduction to Rectifier Circuits

An important application of the diode is one that takes place in the design of the rectifier circuit. Simply put, this circuit converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). This is an essential circuit in AC-to-DC power-supply design.


The Karnaugh Map Boolean Algebraic Simplification Technique

The Karnaugh Map Boolean Algebraic Simplification Technique

Learn about the Karnaugh map (K-map) technique for Boolean algebraic simplification. What advantages and disadvantages do they have?


The How and Why of Energy Harvesting for Low-Power Applications

The How and Why of Energy Harvesting for Low-Power Applications

Harvesting energy from non-conventional sources has received an increased interest as designers look for alternative power sources. Even though the power is usually harvested in small amounts, it is adequate for various low-power applications.


Timing Light Sequences: Build a Traffic Light Controller with an Arduino MEGA

Timing Light Sequences: Build a Traffic Light Controller with an Arduino MEGA

Learn how to simulate a traffic light using an Arduino.


Projects Jun 22, 2016 by Joseph Corleto
Advantages of the Actively Loaded MOSFET Differential Pair

Advantages of the Actively Loaded MOSFET Differential Pair

In this article, we’ll discuss two benefits of using an active load: improved biasing conditions and differential-to-single-ended conversion.


Build a 4-Bit Binary Counter with 5x7 LED Matrix

Build a 4-Bit Binary Counter with 5x7 LED Matrix

In this project, you'll learn how to build a 4-bit binary counter using a 5x7 LED matrix for data count value visualization. The project will use a combination of standard electronic and surface mount components.


Projects Jun 20, 2016 by Don Wilcher
The Bartlett Versus the Rectangular Window

The Bartlett Versus the Rectangular Window

In this article, we will discuss the fact that choice of different window functions involves a trade-off between the main lobe width and the peak sidelobe (PSL). To gain more insight, we will calculate the Fourier transform of a triangular window using the Fourier transform of a rectangular window. The connection between these two windows helps us to better understand the aforementioned trade-off.


How to Build a Control Circuit with Adjustable Working Time via Wi-Fi

How to Build a Control Circuit with Adjustable Working Time via Wi-Fi

Learn how to build a system that can turn DC loads on and off using a mobile application. You'll also learn how to perform this task via immediate actions or via timers set in advance.


Projects Jun 15, 2016 by Yahya Tawil
The MOSFET Differential Pair with Active Load

The MOSFET Differential Pair with Active Load

Learn about a fairly simple yet highly beneficial modification to the drain-resistor-based version of the MOSFET differential pair.


How to Build a Simple Arduino-Based Calculator

How to Build a Simple Arduino-Based Calculator

Learn how to use an Arduino in combination with an LCD display and a keypad to make a calculator.


C-BISCUIT: Monitoring Your Robot’s Health

C-BISCUIT: Monitoring Your Robot’s Health

Now that we've got the Wandboard up and running, it's time to set up some tools to help us check in on our growing robot's status.


Projects Jun 10, 2016 by Trevor Gamblin
The Basic MOSFET Differential Pair

The Basic MOSFET Differential Pair

In this article, we’ll examine the most straightforward version of this foundational integrated-circuit amplifier topology.


AC/DC: Battery Power Conversion for AC Speakers (Part 1)

AC/DC: Battery Power Conversion for AC Speakers (Part 1)

This project details the process by which AC-powered speaker sets can typically be converted to battery power. I'll detail my own projects and provide advice for converting almost any set of speakers.


Projects Jun 08, 2016 by Seth Schaffer