All About Circuits

Latest Digital ICs Technical Articles

Categories

Describing Combinational Circuits in Verilog

Describing Combinational Circuits in Verilog

This article introduces the techniques for describing combinational circuits in Verilog by examining how to use the conditional operator to describe combinational truth tables.


Getting Started with the Verilog Hardware Description Language

Getting Started with the Verilog Hardware Description Language

In this article, we’ll study the basic structure of a Verilog module, look at some examples of using the Verilog “wire” data type and its vector form, and briefly touch on some differences between VHDL and Verilog.


Introduction to the C Programming Language for Embedded Applications

Introduction to the C Programming Language for Embedded Applications

This article discusses the basic characteristics of C, a straightforward language that is still widely used for programming microcontrollers.


Restoring Digital Signals in Pass-Transistor Logic

Restoring Digital Signals in Pass-Transistor Logic

This article takes a detailed look at the way in which pass-transistor logic degrades a signal and how this signal degradation can be remedied.


Implementing Sequential Circuitry with Pass-Transistor Logic

Implementing Sequential Circuitry with Pass-Transistor Logic

This article discusses the use of pass-transistor configurations in the design of gated latches.


Implementing Multiplexers with Pass-Transistor Logic

Implementing Multiplexers with Pass-Transistor Logic

This article discusses the efficient multiplexers that can be created by using MOSFETs in a pass-transistor configuration.


Digital Design with Pass-Transistor Logic

Digital Design with Pass-Transistor Logic

This article presents efficient, pass-transistor-based implementations of important digital functionality.


Big Endian, Little Endian, Endianness: Understanding Byte Arrangements in Digital Systems

Big Endian, Little Endian, Endianness: Understanding Byte Arrangements in Digital Systems

The various “endian” terms may sound a bit odd, but the underlying concept is straightforward. If you’re not yet an endian expert, read on!


Introduction to Pass-Transistor Logic

Introduction to Pass-Transistor Logic

This article explores an alternative, and in some cases advantageous, approach to MOSFET-based implementation of digital logic functions.


Clock Signals in FPGA Design: Data Path Maximal Clock Rates and the Xilinx PERIOD Timing Constraint

Clock Signals in FPGA Design: Data Path Maximal Clock Rates and the Xilinx PERIOD Timing Constraint

This article will discuss the Xilinx Period timing constraint that allows us to describe the characteristics of the clock signal that will be used with an FPGA design.


Understanding Bandwidth in Communications and Computing

Understanding Bandwidth in Communications and Computing

This article discusses how to interpret and specify bandwidth in systems that involve data transmission and digital processing.


Ladder Logic in Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs)

Ladder Logic in Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs)

This article describes the programming language ladder logic used to program PLCs and shows examples of how it functions.


Schematic Symbols for Electronic Components: Transistors

Schematic Symbols for Electronic Components: Transistors

This two-article series presents an overview of circuit symbols and also provides some information on the components themselves.


How to Reduce Ground Bounce: Mitigating Noise with PCB Design Best Practices

How to Reduce Ground Bounce: Mitigating Noise with PCB Design Best Practices

Learn what ground bounce is and how you can avoid it with design decisions from PCB layout to programming.


Intro Software Walkthrough: Fast Fourier Transforms and the Xilinx FFT IP Core

Intro Software Walkthrough: Fast Fourier Transforms and the Xilinx FFT IP Core

This article will explain some of the most important settings and design parameters for the Xilinx FFT IP core and function as a basic walkthrough of the Fast Fourier Transform interface.


How to Use Your Computer to Generate Complex Analog Waveforms

How to Use Your Computer to Generate Complex Analog Waveforms

This article presents Scilab code that allows you to generate I/Q, noise, and chirp signals from your PC’s headphone jack.


How to Use Your Computer as an Arbitrary Waveform Generator

How to Use Your Computer as an Arbitrary Waveform Generator

In this article, we’ll use Scilab to generate numerical signals that can be converted into analog waveforms by a computer’s audio hardware.


Introduction to Clock Domain Crossing: Double Flopping

Introduction to Clock Domain Crossing: Double Flopping

This article will discuss a well-known technique called “double flopping” to transfer a single-bit control signal between two clock domains.


How to Process I/Q Signals in a Software-Defined RF Receiver

How to Process I/Q Signals in a Software-Defined RF Receiver

This article discusses the mathematical significance of I/Q signals and presents the final steps in the DSP algorithm for decoding frequency-shift-keying baseband signals.


How to Use I/Q Signals to Design a Robust FSK Decoder

How to Use I/Q Signals to Design a Robust FSK Decoder

An improved algorithm, in conjunction with quadrature modulation, can achieve FSK decoding that is not affected by phase misalignment.