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PLL Frequency Multiplication: Transient Response and Frequency Synthesis

PLL Frequency Multiplication: Transient Response and Frequency Synthesis

Does the addition of a feedback divider affect PLL transient response? We’ll look at this question and other frequency-multiplication topics in this article.


Understanding PLL Applications: Frequency Multiplication

Understanding PLL Applications: Frequency Multiplication

This article explains how a PLL can be used to produce a high-frequency clock from a low-frequency reference signal.


Designing and Simulating an Optimized Phase-Locked Loop

Designing and Simulating an Optimized Phase-Locked Loop

In this article we’ll explore PLL transient-response optimization using simulations and a design example.


How to Optimize the Transient Response of a Phase-Locked Loop

How to Optimize the Transient Response of a Phase-Locked Loop

In this article we’ll explore the mathematical relationships that will help you to design a PLL that quickly and smoothly locks onto the input frequency.


Understanding Phase-Locked Loop Transient Response

Understanding Phase-Locked Loop Transient Response

In this article we’ll use SPICE simulations to take a close look at how a phase-locked loop enters the locked state.


How to Simulate a Phase-Locked Loop

How to Simulate a Phase-Locked Loop

This article presents an LTspice circuit that can be used to explore the behavior of a phase-locked loop.


What Exactly Is a Phase-Locked Loop, Anyways?

What Exactly Is a Phase-Locked Loop, Anyways?

This article introduces a phase-based feedback system that plays an important role in many applications.


How to Decode Manchester-Encoded Data Using Hardware

How to Decode Manchester-Encoded Data Using Hardware

This article looks at some circuits that can help you extract the original data from a Manchester-encoded signal.


How to Generate Manchester-Encoded Data in Hardware and Firmware

How to Generate Manchester-Encoded Data in Hardware and Firmware

This article discusses implementation details for a simple yet effective technique that can improve your digital communication.


Companding: Logarithmic Laws, Implementation, and Consequences

Companding: Logarithmic Laws, Implementation, and Consequences

This article aims to explain the logarithmic laws of companding and the methods of implementation along with the effects these methods bring into the PCM-based telephone systems.


An Introduction to Companding: Compressing Speech for Transmission Across Telephone Systems

An Introduction to Companding: Compressing Speech for Transmission Across Telephone Systems

This article introduces the analog-to-digital conversion required to compress speech for transmission across telephone systems.


What is Bluetooth 5? Learn about the Bit Paths Behind the New BLE Standard

What is Bluetooth 5? Learn about the Bit Paths Behind the New BLE Standard

The latest Bluetooth Specification provides features that allow increased speed and increased transmission distance. This article provides information about the various bit data paths used in the latest specifications.


Radio Meets Fiber Optics: RF Over Fiber

Radio Meets Fiber Optics: RF Over Fiber

Radio Over Fiber (ROF) combines RF and optics, providing optical links to replace strategic portions of cellular, satellite, and copper based systems.


High-Frequency Interconnections: A New Line of RF Cables from Pasternack

High-Frequency Interconnections: A New Line of RF Cables from Pasternack

Connecting two parts of a system becomes complicated when your signals are up in the gigahertz range. Let’s take a look at some new cabling options.


Convenient, High-Efficiency Power: A New Series of DC/DC Converter Modules from Murata

Convenient, High-Efficiency Power: A New Series of DC/DC Converter Modules from Murata

You can’t beat the efficiency of switch-mode power supplies, and you can avoid the design-complexity issue by using DC/DC modules such as those in the OKDx-T/90 series.


Bridging the Gap Between Solid-State and Mechanical: The MEMS Switch

Bridging the Gap Between Solid-State and Mechanical: The MEMS Switch

The ADGM1004 MEMS switch from Analog Devices is a high-performance solution for both low-frequency and high-frequency applications.


Back to Basics: SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface)

Back to Basics: SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface)

The Serial Peripheral Interface Bus enables full-duplex serial data transfer between multiple integrated circuits.


An Introductory Project for Software Defined Radio

An Introductory Project for Software Defined Radio

Learn how to listen to frequencies on the air with nothing more than a USB dongle: first FM radio, then voice signals.


Projects Feb 02, 2017 by Christi Durham
The Packet Concept: High-Level Synchronization for Data Links

The Packet Concept: High-Level Synchronization for Data Links

Learn about (for lack of a better term) packetization, a technique that facilitates robust data transfer in optical, RF, and long-distance-digital communication systems.


LVDS: High-Speed, Low-Power, Robust Data Transfer

LVDS: High-Speed, Low-Power, Robust Data Transfer

This technical brief discusses characteristics and advantages of low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS).