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Introduction to Normal Distribution in Electrical Engineering

Introduction to Normal Distribution in Electrical Engineering

This article covers important characteristics of a foundational statistical distribution and explains the significance of a probability density function.


What Is the Fourier Transform?

What Is the Fourier Transform?

This article gives you essential information on a mathematical technique that plays an absolutely fundamental role in system design and signal processing.


How Standard Deviation Relates to Root-Mean-Square Values

How Standard Deviation Relates to Root-Mean-Square Values

This article explores an interesting connection between an important statistical measure and one of the fundamental analytical tools of electrical engineering.


The Four EV Charging Modes in the IEC 61851 Standard

The Four EV Charging Modes in the IEC 61851 Standard

In this article, we’ll look at different EV charging modes specified by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).


Sample-Size Compensation in Standard Deviation Calculations

Sample-Size Compensation in Standard Deviation Calculations

This article discusses Bessel’s correction, which helps us to more accurately estimate the standard deviation of certain parameters and of long-duration signals.


What Is a Voltage Drop in an Electric Circuit?

What Is a Voltage Drop in an Electric Circuit?

How exactly does polarity factor into the voltage drops across the three basic elements of electrical circuits—resistors, capacitors, and inductors?


Average Deviation, Standard Deviation, and Variance in Signal Processing

Average Deviation, Standard Deviation, and Variance in Signal Processing

This article discusses three descriptive statistical measures from the perspective of signal-processing applications.


How to Measure Gas Flow in a Mechanical Ventilator Using a Differential Pressure Sensor

How to Measure Gas Flow in a Mechanical Ventilator Using a Differential Pressure Sensor

In this article, we’ll look at another interesting application of pressure sensing in mechanical ventilation.


Descriptive Statistics in Electrical Engineering

Descriptive Statistics in Electrical Engineering

This article discusses statistical techniques that we can use to characterize an engineered system or analyze performance data.


What Is a Linear System?

What Is a Linear System?

This article explains the essential aspects of linear systems, which play a fundamental role in electrical engineering and signal processing.


Understanding Types of Lock-In Amplifiers and Related Noise Sources

Understanding Types of Lock-In Amplifiers and Related Noise Sources

This article is a general guideline on the main aspects of commercially-available amplifiers.


What Is the z-Transform?

What Is the z-Transform?

This Frequent Engineering Question gives a quick overview of an important mathematical technique used in digital signal processing, calculating the z-transform.


Introduction to Statistical Analysis in Electrical Engineering

Introduction to Statistical Analysis in Electrical Engineering

This article explores statistics and probability as tools that help us to understand circuit behavior and characterize engineered systems.


How Is the Laplace Transform Used in Circuit Design?

How Is the Laplace Transform Used in Circuit Design?

In this article, we briefly review how the Laplace transform can help us solve circuits involving damped and steady-state sinusoidal signals.


Basic Fundamentals of Lock-In Amplifiers

Basic Fundamentals of Lock-In Amplifiers

This article discusses the theory fundamentals of lock-in amplifiers.


What Is Dynamic Range?

What Is Dynamic Range?

The concept of dynamic range appears frequently in engineering discussions. But what exactly does this term mean? And how does it apply to electronic circuits and systems?


Understanding Dynamic Range in Imaging Systems

Understanding Dynamic Range in Imaging Systems

This article introduces an important specification for light-sensitive devices and explains its connection to the performance of digital cameras.


Determining Dynamic Range of CCD Image Sensors

Determining Dynamic Range of CCD Image Sensors

This article explains how CCD construction, operating parameters, and external signal-processing circuitry contribute to the maximum variation in luminance that CCD imaging hardware can capture.


Using EMI Shielding to Reduce Radiated Emissions in Electronic Designs

Using EMI Shielding to Reduce Radiated Emissions in Electronic Designs

Learn the basic concepts of EMI shieldings, including types of shielding options and the calculation for determining shielding effectiveness.


Quantum Efficiency and Signal-to-Noise Ratio in CCD Image Sensors

Quantum Efficiency and Signal-to-Noise Ratio in CCD Image Sensors

In this article, we’ll draw upon our knowledge of noise sources and combine it with some new information to create a comprehensive model for CCD noise performance.