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Understanding Intermodulation Distortion and the Third-Order Intercept Point In RF Systems

Understanding Intermodulation Distortion and the Third-Order Intercept Point In RF Systems

Learn how the two-tone input test helps us evaluate the nonlinearity of RF systems operating on real-world signals.


Introduction to Modulation Techniques in RF Systems

Introduction to Modulation Techniques in RF Systems

In this article, we discuss the basics of RF modulation and how it affects the performance of communication systems.


Why Class D Amplifiers Need Anti-Parallel Diodes

Why Class D Amplifiers Need Anti-Parallel Diodes

Learn how anti-parallel diodes protect Class D amplifiers from the effects of reactive loads and inductive kickback.


Introduction to VNA Calibration Techniques

Introduction to VNA Calibration Techniques

Learn the basics of how vector network analyzer (VNA) calibration techniques correct measurement errors.


Understanding the Guanella Transmission Line Balun

Understanding the Guanella Transmission Line Balun

Learn how bifilar coils can be used to build Gustav Guanella’s classic RF balun.


Understanding RF Power Measurement Errors in Directional Couplers

Understanding RF Power Measurement Errors in Directional Couplers

Directional couplers are valuable tools for testing RF systems. However, the finite directivity of these devices can cause measurement uncertainty. Learn more in this article.


Basic Principles of the Push-Pull Class B Power Amplifier

Basic Principles of the Push-Pull Class B Power Amplifier

Learn how a push-pull Class B amplifier functions, how to calculate its efficiency, and how its performance compares to the inductively-loaded Class A design.


Introduction to the Class B Power Amplifier

Introduction to the Class B Power Amplifier

How does a Class B power amplifier work? What makes it more efficient than a Class A power amplifier? Learn the answers in this article.


Learn About Load-Pull Systems: Passive and Active Tuners

Learn About Load-Pull Systems: Passive and Active Tuners

In this article, we explore the types of impedance tuners most commonly used for load-pull measurement—their advantages, their disadvantages, and the methods by which they synthesize impedance.


Using the Load-Pull Technique in RF Power Amplifier Design

Using the Load-Pull Technique in RF Power Amplifier Design

The output power and efficiency of a power amplifier (PA) are highly dependent on its load terminations. Learn how to characterize a PA's performance by analyzing load lines and estimating the load-pull contours of constant output power.


Introduction to Class A Power Amplifiers: The Common-Emitter PA

Introduction to Class A Power Amplifiers: The Common-Emitter PA

RF amplifier design is a challenging task, involving trade-offs between linearity, efficiency, gain, and output power. Here, we examine how a common-emitter circuit can, or can't, function as a power amplifier.