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How to Simulate a Bidirectional Voltage-Controlled Current Source

How to Simulate a Bidirectional Voltage-Controlled Current Source

Learn about simulating an interesting current source built around an op-amp and an instrumentation amplifier.


How to Design a Simple, Voltage-Controlled, Bidirectional Current Source

How to Design a Simple, Voltage-Controlled, Bidirectional Current Source

This article presents a high-performance current source that requires only a few readily available components.


Quantization Noise and Amplitude Quantization Error in ADCs

Quantization Noise and Amplitude Quantization Error in ADCs

Learn the methods and applications of modeling the quantization error of an ADC using a noise source.


Understanding Amplitude Quantization Error for ADCs

Understanding Amplitude Quantization Error for ADCs

This article examines the quantization error of an analog-to-digital converter.


Input Capacitance in Analog Circuits: How to Compensate for Input Capacitance of Op-Amps

Input Capacitance in Analog Circuits: How to Compensate for Input Capacitance of Op-Amps

Learn about the effect of input parasitic capacitance and how to compensate for it in analog circuit design.


Learn Analog Circuits: Types and Applications of Current Mirrors

Learn Analog Circuits: Types and Applications of Current Mirrors

The current mirror is an important analog building block that finds application in such diverse areas as DC biasing and current-mode signal processing.


DNL and INL Specifications of a DAC: Interpreting INL Shape

DNL and INL Specifications of a DAC: Interpreting INL Shape

This article will examine some properties of the DNL and INL specifications.


What Are the DNL and INL Specifications of a DAC? Non-Linearity in Digital-to-Analog Converters

What Are the DNL and INL Specifications of a DAC? Non-Linearity in Digital-to-Analog Converters

This article looks at the DNL and INL specifications of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC).


The Operation and Characteristics of Voltage-Mode R-2R DACs

The Operation and Characteristics of Voltage-Mode R-2R DACs

This article looks at the voltage-mode R-2R DAC structure.


Phase Margin Estimation Using the Rate-of-Closure

Phase Margin Estimation Using the Rate-of-Closure

How can we gauge stability in a negative-feedback circuit? For minimum-phase circuits, try rate-of-closure.


Applications and Limitations of the Current-Feedback Amplifier: Dual CFAs and Composite Amplifiers

Applications and Limitations of the Current-Feedback Amplifier: Dual CFAs and Composite Amplifiers

In this article, we continue our study of the current-feedback amplifier. We’ll also look at a composite amplifier that combines the benefits of the voltage-feedback topology and the current-feedback topology.


Characteristics of Current-Feedback Op-Amps: Benefits of CFA Design vs. VFAs

Characteristics of Current-Feedback Op-Amps: Benefits of CFA Design vs. VFAs

In this article, we’ll take a more detailed look at the functionality and characteristics of current-feedback amplifiers.


How to Drive Large Capacitive Loads with an Op-Amp Circuit

How to Drive Large Capacitive Loads with an Op-Amp Circuit

Learn more about capacitive load compensation.


How to Characterize Noise in a Custom PCB: Precision Inclinometer

How to Characterize Noise in a Custom PCB: Precision Inclinometer

Learn about the process of identifying and eliminating noise in data capture.


How to Eliminate Reflection Noise in Your Next PCB Design

How to Eliminate Reflection Noise in Your Next PCB Design

What is reflection noise? What effects can it have on the functionality of your custom PCB? How can you mitigate it with better design practices?


What Is Bandwidth?

What Is Bandwidth?

This article explores the surprisingly complicated details associated with a word that we frequently use but perhaps don’t fully understand.


How to Measure Noise in Switch-Mode Power Supplies (SMPSs)

How to Measure Noise in Switch-Mode Power Supplies (SMPSs)

Noise on switch mode power supplies (SMPSs) sometimes gets a bum rap.


Schematic Symbols for Electronic Components: Transistors

Schematic Symbols for Electronic Components: Transistors

This two-article series presents an overview of circuit symbols and also provides some information on the components themselves.


How to Design Charge Amplifiers for Piezoelectric Sensors

How to Design Charge Amplifiers for Piezoelectric Sensors

This article explores charge-amplifier design details, including ESD protection and frequency response.


How to Use Your Computer to Generate Complex Analog Waveforms

How to Use Your Computer to Generate Complex Analog Waveforms

This article presents Scilab code that allows you to generate I/Q, noise, and chirp signals from your PC’s headphone jack.