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Understanding Phase Shift in Analog Circuits

Understanding Phase Shift in Analog Circuits

Learn about phase shift and how this fundamental electrical phenomenon is related to different circuit configurations.


How to Design a Simple, Voltage-Controlled, Bidirectional Current Source

How to Design a Simple, Voltage-Controlled, Bidirectional Current Source

This article presents a high-performance current source that requires only a few readily available components.


Input Capacitance in Analog Circuits: How to Compensate for Input Capacitance of Op-Amps

Input Capacitance in Analog Circuits: How to Compensate for Input Capacitance of Op-Amps

Learn about the effect of input parasitic capacitance and how to compensate for it in analog circuit design.


The Operation and Characteristics of Voltage-Mode R-2R DACs

The Operation and Characteristics of Voltage-Mode R-2R DACs

This article looks at the voltage-mode R-2R DAC structure.


Phase Margin Estimation Using the Rate-of-Closure

Phase Margin Estimation Using the Rate-of-Closure

How can we gauge stability in a negative-feedback circuit? For minimum-phase circuits, try rate-of-closure.


Applications and Limitations of the Current-Feedback Amplifier: Dual CFAs and Composite Amplifiers

Applications and Limitations of the Current-Feedback Amplifier: Dual CFAs and Composite Amplifiers

In this article, we continue our study of the current-feedback amplifier. We’ll also look at a composite amplifier that combines the benefits of the voltage-feedback topology and the current-feedback topology.


Characteristics of Current-Feedback Op-Amps: Benefits of CFA Design vs. VFAs

Characteristics of Current-Feedback Op-Amps: Benefits of CFA Design vs. VFAs

In this article, we’ll take a more detailed look at the functionality and characteristics of current-feedback amplifiers.


How to Drive Large Capacitive Loads with an Op-Amp Circuit

How to Drive Large Capacitive Loads with an Op-Amp Circuit

Learn more about capacitive load compensation.


How to Measure Noise in Switch-Mode Power Supplies (SMPSs)

How to Measure Noise in Switch-Mode Power Supplies (SMPSs)

Noise on switch mode power supplies (SMPSs) sometimes gets a bum rap.


How to Design Charge Amplifiers for Piezoelectric Sensors

How to Design Charge Amplifiers for Piezoelectric Sensors

This article explores charge-amplifier design details, including ESD protection and frequency response.


Clock Signal Management: Clock Resources of FPGAs

Clock Signal Management: Clock Resources of FPGAs

This article will review the common FPGA resources that allow us to efficiently generate and distribute clock signals throughout a system.


How to Perform Frequency Modulation with a Digitized Audio Signal

How to Perform Frequency Modulation with a Digitized Audio Signal

In this article, we’ll use Scilab to create an FM waveform that carries information corresponding to an audio recording.


How to Perform Frequency-Domain Analysis with Scilab

How to Perform Frequency-Domain Analysis with Scilab

In this article we’ll work with sinusoidal signals in the frequency domain using Scilab’s fast Fourier transform (FFT) functionality.


Choosing the Right Transistor: Understanding Low-Frequency MOSFET Parameters

Choosing the Right Transistor: Understanding Low-Frequency MOSFET Parameters

This article provides an overview of various characteristics and specifications that are relevant to low-frequency MOSFET operation.


How to Design Schmitt Trigger Oscillators

How to Design Schmitt Trigger Oscillators

This article discusses the good and the bad regarding Schmitt Trigger RC oscillators. These oscillators are especially important because they are present in the internal oscillator in many popular MCUs.


Exactly How Schmitt Trigger Oscillators Work

Exactly How Schmitt Trigger Oscillators Work

This article is intended to help readers understand the good and the bad traits of Schmitt Trigger RC oscillators, which are especially important because they are present in the internal oscillator in popular MCUs.


PLL Frequency Multiplication: Transient Response and Frequency Synthesis

PLL Frequency Multiplication: Transient Response and Frequency Synthesis

Does the addition of a feedback divider affect PLL transient response? We’ll look at this question and other frequency-multiplication topics in this article.


How to Optimize the Transient Response of a Phase-Locked Loop

How to Optimize the Transient Response of a Phase-Locked Loop

In this article we’ll explore the mathematical relationships that will help you to design a PLL that quickly and smoothly locks onto the input frequency.


What Exactly Is a Phase-Locked Loop, Anyways?

What Exactly Is a Phase-Locked Loop, Anyways?

This article introduces a phase-based feedback system that plays an important role in many applications.


How to Low-Pass Filter a Square Wave

How to Low-Pass Filter a Square Wave

This article, part of AAC’s Analog Circuit Collection, presents a circuit that is a good choice when you need to remove high-frequency noise from a digital signal.