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Craft Your Own Hardware Soundboard Using an Arduino Microcontroller

Craft Your Own Hardware Soundboard Using an Arduino Microcontroller

Learn how to turn an ATmega328 microcontroller and an assortment of readily available parts into a dedicated hardware soundboard.


Understanding How Ring Modulators Produce AM Signals

Understanding How Ring Modulators Produce AM Signals

Among modulator circuits, the ring modulator stands out as one of the most effective for generating AM signals. Learn why in this article.


Introduction to the Balanced Modulator for AM Signals

Introduction to the Balanced Modulator for AM Signals

Learn how the balanced modulator addresses shortcomings of the square-law modulator when generating DSB-SC and conventional AM signals.


Create Your Own Stylus-Controlled Synthesizer

Create Your Own Stylus-Controlled Synthesizer

In this project article, we'll use a 555 timer IC to build an iconic musical instrument from the early days of synthesizers.


Understanding Double-Sideband Suppressed-Carrier Modulation

Understanding Double-Sideband Suppressed-Carrier Modulation

Learn about the advantages and disadvantages of DSB-SC amplitude modulation.


Introduction to Modulation Techniques in RF Systems

Introduction to Modulation Techniques in RF Systems

In this article, we discuss the basics of RF modulation and how it affects the performance of communication systems.


Introduction to SLiCAP for Analog Circuit Design

Introduction to SLiCAP for Analog Circuit Design

Learn how to design and verify analog circuits using SLiCAP, a Python-based symbolic simulator program.


Understanding the Transformer-Coupled Current-Switching Class D Amplifier

Understanding the Transformer-Coupled Current-Switching Class D Amplifier

In this article, we’ll learn about the transformer-coupled current-switching Class D amplifier. Once we understand its operation, we'll compare its performance with two voltage-switching Class D configurations.


Understanding the Transformer-Coupled Voltage-Switching Class D Amplifier

Understanding the Transformer-Coupled Voltage-Switching Class D Amplifier

In this article, we'll learn how the transformer-coupled voltage-switching Class D amplifier works and highlight some of its advantages.


Understanding Class D Amplifier Non-Idealities: Reactive Loads and Parasitic Capacitances

Understanding Class D Amplifier Non-Idealities: Reactive Loads and Parasitic Capacitances

In this article, we'll learn about two important non-idealities of Class D power amplifiers and how they affect performance.


Understanding the Effect of Diode Reverse Recovery in Class D Amplifiers

Understanding the Effect of Diode Reverse Recovery in Class D Amplifiers

With the help of SPICE simulations, this article explores the impact of diode reverse recovery on Class D amplifier performance.


Why Class D Amplifiers Need Anti-Parallel Diodes

Why Class D Amplifiers Need Anti-Parallel Diodes

Learn how anti-parallel diodes protect Class D amplifiers from the effects of reactive loads and inductive kickback.


Introduction to Switching-Mode Power Amplifiers: Class D Operation

Introduction to Switching-Mode Power Amplifiers: Class D Operation

In this article, we'll learn the basics of switching-mode RF amplifiers in general and Class D amplifiers in particular.


Understanding the Limitations of the Class C Power Amplifier

Understanding the Limitations of the Class C Power Amplifier

In this article, we explore the drawbacks of Class C operation through a performance comparison with Class A and Class B amplifiers.


Introduction to the Common-Drain Amplifier: Small-Signal Behavior

Introduction to the Common-Drain Amplifier: Small-Signal Behavior

The common-drain amplifier is a single-stage configuration that uses the gate as its input and the source as its output. Learn about its small-signal characteristics in this article.


Introduction to the Common-Drain Amplifier: Large-Signal Behavior

Introduction to the Common-Drain Amplifier: Large-Signal Behavior

Also known as the source follower, the common-drain amplifier is notable for its low output impedance. This article introduces the basic common-drain configuration and examines its large-signal characteristics.


Using Clever Techniques to Convert a Passive Audio Filter Into an Active Filter

Using Clever Techniques to Convert a Passive Audio Filter Into an Active Filter

This project covers two fascinating and useful circuit design techniques—the Burton Transform and Dualling—that allow us to transform a passive network into an active network while building an audio noise filter.


Projects Jun 02, 2024 by John Woodgate
Common-Mode Noise in Differential Transmissions: Characteristics and Causes

Common-Mode Noise in Differential Transmissions: Characteristics and Causes

High-speed data transmission interfaces such as USB, HDMI, and Ethernet use differential signaling due to its superior noise immunity. Even so, some noise still appears. To remove it, we need to understand where it comes from and why.


Op Amp Slew Rate and Rise Time Explained

Op Amp Slew Rate and Rise Time Explained

To avoid distortion and slow transitions in an operational amplifier's output signal, it's important to understand slew rate. In this article, we examine its causes and effects.


Understanding Output Signal Swing in Op Amps

Understanding Output Signal Swing in Op Amps

Learn about the characteristics and limitations of an operational amplifier’s output voltage range.