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Series LED Resistor Calculator

Series LED Resistor Calculator

This series LED resistance calculator is perfect for when you have a single LED or a number of the same color of LEDs in series and need to know which resistor you should use.


Tools

Digital Display Circuits

Digital Display Circuits

What is the purpose of a seven-segment decoder circuit? What is a…


Worksheets - Automotive

Si Lab - Light Sensor (LED Photodetector)

Si Lab - Light Sensor (LED Photodetector)

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use an LED as a light-sensitive photodetector and learn how to use a bipolar transistor in a common-emitter amplifier configuration.


Textbook

Light-Pulse Switch

Light-Pulse Switch

It is fairly important to use large value resistors (10 MΩ works…


Worksheets - Automotive

DC Lab - Parallel Batteries

DC Lab - Parallel Batteries

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will connect batteries in parallel to power a light and learn the relationship between the individual battery currents and the total system current.


Textbook

Simple Circuits

Simple Circuits

Shown here is the schematic symbol for a resistor: What is the purpose…


Worksheets - Automotive

Digital Lab - 10-bit Flashing LED Sequencer

Digital Lab - 10-bit Flashing LED Sequencer

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build and test an automated circuit that sequentially flashes 10 LED, and learn about counters, frequency dividers, and switch debouncing.


Textbook

Parallel Resistor Calculator

Parallel Resistor Calculator

Calculate the equivalent resistance of up to six resistors in parallel with ease while learning how to calculate resistance in parallel and the parallel resistance formula.


Tools

Special-purpose Diodes

Special-purpose Diodes

Schottky diodes Schottky diodes are constructed of a metal-to-N…


Textbook

Circuits and the Speed of Light

Circuits and the Speed of Light

Suppose we had a simple one-battery, one-lamp circuit controlled by a…


Textbook

555 Lab - Blue LED Flasher With Voltage Doubler

555 Lab - Blue LED Flasher With Voltage Doubler

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a blue LED flasher using a 555 timer and learn the basic theory of a voltage doubler using a transistor switch and a capacitor.


Textbook

AC phase

AC phase

If we were to express the series-connected DC voltages as phasors…


Worksheets - Automotive

Design Project: LED Stroboscope

Design Project: LED Stroboscope

A technician uses a stroboscope to “freeze” the rotation of a…


Worksheets - Automotive

Switches

Switches

What is the purpose of the switch shown in this schematic diagram?


Worksheets - Automotive

555 Lab - Red LED Flasher

555 Lab - Red LED Flasher

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a red LED flasher and learn a useful application of the versatile 555 timer IC.


Textbook

555 Lab - Advanced Red LED Flasher

555 Lab - Advanced Red LED Flasher

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a red LED flasher with a transistor drive to control the current and learn how to use transistors to provide current gain and how to limit LED current.


Textbook

Thyristors

Thyristors

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Automotive

Thyristor Application Circuits

Thyristor Application Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Rectifier Circuits

Rectifier Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Automotive

Current Divider Circuits

Current Divider Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Automotive

Optothyristors

Optothyristors

Like bipolar transistors, SCRs and TRIACs are also manufactured as…


Textbook

Quantum Devices

Quantum Devices

Most integrated circuits are digital, based on MOS (CMOS) transistors.…


Textbook

Regulated Power Sources

Regulated Power Sources

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Automotive

Ohm’s Law

Ohm’s Law

For a given amount of water pressure, which will flow a greater rate…


Worksheets - Automotive

Si Lab - Full-wave Bridge Rectifier With Output Filtering

Si Lab - Full-wave Bridge Rectifier With Output Filtering

In this hands-on semiconductor experiment, build an improved full-wave rectifier with output filtering and learn about capacitive filtering in AC-to-DC power converters.


Textbook

Permissive and Interlock Circuits

Permissive and Interlock Circuits

A practical application of switch and relay logic is in control…


Textbook

AC Power

AC Power

If a sinusoidal voltage is applied to an impedance with a phase angle…


Worksheets - Automotive

Introduction to AC Motors

Introduction to AC Motors

After the introduction of the DC electrical distribution system by…


Textbook

Peak Voltage Calculator

Peak Voltage Calculator

The peak voltage calculator calculates peak voltage values from the peak-to-peak voltage, RMS voltage, or average voltage.


Tools

Stepper Motors

Stepper Motors

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


Worksheets - Automotive

Fuses

Fuses

Normally, the ampacity rating of a conductor is a circuit design…


Textbook

The Common-base Amplifier

The Common-base Amplifier

The final transistor amplifier configuration (Figure below) we need to…


Textbook

Parallel Circuit Rules

Parallel Circuit Rules

Voltage Components in a parallel circuit share the same voltage:…


Textbook

Converting Between Thevenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits

Converting Between Thevenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits

Since Thevenin’s theorem and Norton’s theorems are two…


Textbook

Specific Troubleshooting Techniques

Specific Troubleshooting Techniques

After applying some of the general troubleshooting tips to narrow the…


Textbook

Inductor Transient Response

Inductor Transient Response

Inductors have the exact opposite characteristics of capacitors.…


Textbook

Op-Amp Practical Considerations

Op-Amp Practical Considerations

Real operational amplifiers have some imperfections compared to an…


Textbook

Pi Attenuator Calculator

Pi Attenuator Calculator

This calculator helps you determine the values of the resistors R1 and R2 to be used for a Pi Attenuator.


Tools

Voltage Divider Circuits

Voltage Divider Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Automotive

Analog-to-Digital Conversion

Analog-to-Digital Conversion

The circuit shown here is a four-bit analog-to-digital converter…


Worksheets - Automotive