The Law of Sines (for any triangle) The Law of Cosines (for any…
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Three-phase Wye(Y) Connection Initially, we explored the idea of…
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In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, you will use an automotive alternator to generate three-phase AC voltage and learn how alternators can function as both generators and motors.
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Most electrical wire is covered in a rubber or plastic coating called…
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The concept and measurement units of resistance are most often used…
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What are Simultaneous Equations and Systems of Equations? The terms…
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SPICE analysis of Electrical Isolation Aside from the ability to…
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An electrical connector, is an electro-mechanical device used to join…
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By now you should be well aware of the correlation between electrical…
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Perhaps the most challenging aspect of interpreting ladder diagrams,…
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Older electrical schematics showed connecting wires crossing, while…
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To build the DIY electronics projects described in this textbook, you will need a small work area, a few tools, and some basic electronics supplies. This page describes the setup of a low-cost home electronics laboratory.
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A practical application of switch and relay logic is in control…
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The circuit in the previous section is not a very practical one. In…
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A chandelier has five light bulbs in it, and one of them is not…
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So far, we’ve been analyzing single-battery, single-resistor…
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All About Contactors When a relay is used to switch a large amount of…
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It should be common-sense knowledge that liquids flow through…
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Ampacities of copper wire, in free air at 30o C: INSULATION TYPE…
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Ladder diagrams are specialized schematics commonly used to document…
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In this series of hands-on electronics experiments, build analog circuits, including amplifiers, comparators, oscillators, and more. Following the step-by-step instructions will help you understand and appreciate analog systems.
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It is fairly important to use large value resistors (10 MΩ works…
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This tool calculates the cutoff frequency of a rectangular waveguide
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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Previously, we examined series circuits and parallel circuits using…
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We know that the current in a series circuit may be calculated with…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will control a light with a switch and learn the basics of connecting toggle (on/off) switches into circuits.
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This calculator helps you determine the values of the resistors R1 and R2 to be used for a T-pad attenuator.
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Learn the Power Formula We’ve seen the formula for determining…
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(Template)
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This calculator computes the inductance of a microstrip etched on a PCB.
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What voltage will you choose to use for each of the station batteries?
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As was stated earlier, most meter movements are sensitive devices.…
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In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, build a variable conductor and learn the impact of a metal core placed inside an inductor coil has on the inductance.
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Thyristors are a broad classification of bipolar-conducting…
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If the burden of two systems of measurement for common quantities…
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This tool calculates a capacitor's reactance for a given capacitance value and signal frequency.
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<p> Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological…
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Differential Op-Amp Circuits An op-amp with no feedback is already a…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will control a 7-segment binary-coded decimal (BCD) display and learn about active-low and active-high logic inputs.
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The word battery simply means a group of similar components. In…
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Also called the parallel A/D converter, this circuit is the simplest…
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Capacitors, like all electrical components, have limitations that must…
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This calculator helps you compute the characteristic impedance of an embedded microstrip.
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This calculator provides three options—basic, intermediate, and advanced—for determining expected battery life for microcontroller, Internet of Things (IoT), and edge processing systems with up to four different operating modes.
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Quantum physics describes the states of electrons in an atom according…
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Seebeck Effect An interesting phenomenon applied in the field of…
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When an alternator produces AC voltage, the voltage switches polarity…
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(Template)
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The metric system, besides being a collection of measurement units for…
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This calculator will help compute the inductance of a length of wire.
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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As a first example of useful combinational logic, let’s build a…
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Many electronic circuits use what is called a split or a dual power…
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Research and describe what the Hall effect is, and list some practical…
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As an example of using several circuits together, we are going to make…
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In the simplest terms you can think of, define what an electrical…
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What is a Synchronous Counter? A synchronous counter, in contrast to…
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