Introduction to Shift Registers

Shift registers, like counters, are a form of sequential…

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Finite State Machines

Up to now, every circuit that was presented was a combinatorial…

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Semiconductor Devices in SPICE

The SPICE (Simulation Program, Integrated Circuit Emphesis)…

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Microprocessor Programming

What is the difference between a JMP (“jump”) instruction and a…

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Performance-Based Assessments for Semiconductor Circuit Competencies

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Binary Overflow

One caveat with signed binary numbers is that of overflow, where the…

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Microcontroller Principles

Read the following quotation, and then research the term…

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Quantum Devices

Most integrated circuits are digital, based on MOS (CMOS) transistors.…

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Decoder

A decoder is a circuit that changes a code into a set of signals. It…

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Semiconductor Manufacturing Techniques

The manufacture of only silicon based semiconductors is described…

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Binary Addition

The Rules of Binary Addition Adding binary numbers is a very simple…

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Practical considerations - Digital Communication

A principal consideration for industrial control networks, where the…

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Binary Subtraction

We can subtract one binary number from another by using the standard…

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Negative Binary Numbers

With addition being easily accomplished, we can perform the operation…

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Embedded Microstrip Impedance Calculator

This calculator helps you compute the characteristic impedance of an embedded microstrip.

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Flash ADC

Also called the parallel A/D converter, this circuit is the simplest…

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Programmable Logic Technology

Define the following acronyms as they apply to digital logic circuits:…

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Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) uses digital signals to control power…

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Resistor Color Code Calculator and Chart—4 Band, 5 Band, or 6 Band Resistors

A handy all-in-one tool for reading resistor color code values for a 4 band resistor, 5 band resistor, or 6 band resistor.

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AC Motor Control Circuits

Perhaps the most challenging aspect of interpreting ladder diagrams,…

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Early Tube History

Thomas Edison, that prolific American inventor, is often credited with…

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Design Project: Arbitrary Waveform Generator

What, exactly, is an arbitrary waveform generator, and for what…

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Historical, Nonmechanical Memory Technologies

Perhaps the most ingenious technique was that of the delay line. A…

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Computational Circuits

When someone mentions the word “computer,” a digital…

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Design Project: Telegraph System

What voltage will you choose to use for each of the station batteries?

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Step-up and Step-down Transformers

So far, we’ve observed simulations of transformers where the…

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Introduction to Mixed-Frequency AC Signals

In our study of AC circuits thus far, we’ve explored circuits…

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Special-output Gates

Complementary Output Gates It is sometimes desirable to have a logic…

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Transistors, Insulated-gate Field-effect (IGFET or MOSFET)

We have the symbols for depletion mode and enhancement mode MOSFETs -…

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Si Lab - Differential Amplifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a BJT differential amplifier and learn about a fundamental building block that is the basis of most operational amplifiers.

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Analog Lab - Non-inverting Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a programmable non-inverting amplifier and learn how to use the negative feedback of an operational amplifier to control the gain.

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Analysis Options

AC ANALYSIS: General form: .ac [curve] [points] [start] [final]…

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The D Latch

Since the enable input on a gated S-R latch provides a way to latch…

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Meter Check of a Transistor (JFET)

Testing a JFET with a multimeter might seem to be a relatively easy…

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Insulated Gate Field-Effect Transistors

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Active-mode Operation (JFET)

JFETs, like bipolar transistors, are able to “throttle”…

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Introduction to Conductance and Conductors

By now you should be well aware of the correlation between electrical…

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How to Calculate Power in a Series and Parallel Circuit

When calculating the power dissipation of resistive components, we can…

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Applications of Resonance

So far, the phenomenon of resonance appears to be a useless curiosity,…

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Shock Current Path

As we’ve already learned, electricity requires a complete path…

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