All About Circuits

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Finite State Machines

Finite State Machines

Up to now, every circuit that was presented was a combinatorial…


Textbook

Electrical Energy Calculator

Electrical Energy Calculator

This calculator will determine the instantaneous energy, sustained energy, and power consumed by an electrical system given two of the three electrical parameters (voltage, current, or resistance) and the time.


Tools

Performance-Based Assessments for Analog Integrated Circuit Competencies

Performance-Based Assessments for Analog Integrated Circuit Competencies


Worksheets - Digital

Flash ADC

Flash ADC

Also called the parallel A/D converter, this circuit is the simplest…


Textbook

555 Lab - Red LED Flasher

555 Lab - Red LED Flasher

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a red LED flasher and learn a useful application of the versatile 555 timer IC.


Textbook

Digital Lab - Introduction

Digital Lab - Introduction

In this collection of hands-on electronics experiments, build and test digital circuits and learn the fundamentals of digital logic circuits, including gates, counters, logic levels, hysteresis, memory, and more.


Textbook

SPICE Simulation of Series and Parallel Circuits

SPICE Simulation of Series and Parallel Circuits

Previously, we examined series circuits and parallel circuits using…


Textbook

CMOS Gate Circuitry

CMOS Gate Circuitry

Up until this point, our analysis of transistor logic circuits has…


Textbook

Battery Life Calculator

Battery Life Calculator

This calculator provides three options—basic, intermediate, and advanced—for determining expected battery life for microcontroller, Internet of Things (IoT), and edge processing systems with up to four different operating modes.


Tools

Solving Series and Parallel Circuits With the Table Method and Ohm’s Law

Solving Series and Parallel Circuits With the Table Method and Ohm’s Law

The table method provides a structured methodology for ensuring you…


Textbook

555 Lab - Blue LED Flasher With Voltage Doubler

555 Lab - Blue LED Flasher With Voltage Doubler

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a blue LED flasher using a 555 timer and learn the basic theory of a voltage doubler using a transistor switch and a capacitor.


Textbook

RC Time Constant Calculator

RC Time Constant Calculator

The time constant of a series RC circuit is the product of the resistance and capacitance. Given two of the three values—resistance, capacitance, or RC time constant—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.


Tools

555 Lab - LED Flasher with Inductive Flyback

555 Lab - LED Flasher with Inductive Flyback

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a multiple LED flasher and learn how to use inductive flyback to generate a voltage pulse that is greater than the supply voltage.


Textbook

Analog Lab - Introduction

Analog Lab - Introduction

In this series of hands-on electronics experiments, build analog circuits, including amplifiers, comparators, oscillators, and more. Following the step-by-step instructions will help you understand and appreciate analog systems.


Textbook

555 Lab - Advanced Red LED Flasher

555 Lab - Advanced Red LED Flasher

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a red LED flasher with a transistor drive to control the current and learn how to use transistors to provide current gain and how to limit LED current.


Textbook

Integrated Circuits

Integrated Circuits

  A Logic Gate is assigned as an elementary building block of…


Textbook

Instrumentation Amplifier Gain Calculator

Instrumentation Amplifier Gain Calculator

The instrumentation amplifier calculator will assist in the design and analysis of a conventional instrumentation amplifier circuit by calculating the required resistor values and gain.


Tools

Parallel Resistor Calculator

Parallel Resistor Calculator

Calculate the equivalent resistance of up to six resistors in parallel with ease while learning how to calculate resistance in parallel and the parallel resistance formula.


Tools

Finite State Machines

Finite State Machines

Up to now, every circuit that was presented was a combinatorial…


Textbook

Q Factor and Bandwidth of a Resonant Circuit

Q Factor and Bandwidth of a Resonant Circuit

The Q, or quality, factor of a resonant circuit is a measure of the…


Textbook

Solving Unbalanced Wheatstone Bridge Circuits Via Mesh Current Method

Solving Unbalanced Wheatstone Bridge Circuits Via Mesh Current Method

An unbalanced Wheatstone bridge cannot be solved using simple series…


Textbook

Introduction to Boolean Algebra

Introduction to Boolean Algebra

Mathematical rules are based on the defining limits we place on the…


Textbook

Conventional Versus Electron Flow

Conventional Versus Electron Flow

“The nice thing about standards is that there are so many of…


Textbook

Battery Ratings

Battery Ratings

Because batteries create current flow in a circuit by exchanging…


Textbook

Insulated Gate Field-Effect Transistors

Insulated Gate Field-Effect Transistors

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Digital

Flyback Switch Mode Regulator Calculator

Flyback Switch Mode Regulator Calculator

A calculator for computing several parameters needed in the design of a flyback switch mode regulator


Tools

Atomic Structure

Atomic Structure

Shown here is a simplified representation of an atom: the smallest…


Worksheets - Digital

The NOT Gate

The NOT Gate

The single-transistor inverter circuit illustrated earlier is actually…


Textbook

Radar Maximum Range Calculator

Radar Maximum Range Calculator

This tool is designed to calculate the maximum distance (range) that a radar can detect


Tools

DC Lab - Potentiometer as a Rheostat

DC Lab - Potentiometer as a Rheostat

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will use a potentiometer as a variable resistor to control the speed of a motor and learn how to connect a potentiometer as a rheostat.


Textbook

Radicals

Radicals

Definition of a Radical Given the expression where “x” is…


Textbook

Safe Practices

Safe Practices

If at all possible, shut off the power to a circuit before performing…


Textbook

AC Network Analysis

AC Network Analysis

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Digital

Digital Logic With Feedback

Digital Logic With Feedback

With simple gate and combinational logic circuits, there is a definite…


Textbook

Practical Considerations - Capacitors

Practical Considerations - Capacitors

Capacitors, like all electrical components, have limitations that must…


Textbook

Network Topology

Network Topology

Point-to-Point Connecting two digital devices with a network, would…


Textbook

The S-R Latch

The S-R Latch

A bistable multivibrator has two stable states, as indicated by the…


Textbook

Memory Devices

Memory Devices

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


Worksheets - Digital

What Are Electric Circuits?

What Are Electric Circuits?

You might have been wondering how charges can continuously flow in a…


Textbook

Microprocessor Programming

Microprocessor Programming

What is the difference between a JMP (“jump”) instruction and a…


Worksheets - Digital

More on Spectrum Analysis

More on Spectrum Analysis

Computerized Fourier analysis, particularly in the form of the FFT…


Textbook