Atomic Structure

Shown here is a simplified representation of an atom: the smallest…

Worksheets - Hardware Implementation

The Common-drain Amplifier (IGFET)

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Current Mirror BJTs

Bipolar Junction Transistor or BJT Current Mirror An often-used…

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Electric Fields and Capacitance

Introduction Whenever an electric voltage exists between two separated…

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What is a Filter?

It is sometimes desirable to have circuits capable of selectively…

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PN Junctions

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Worksheets - Hardware Implementation

Sum and Product Notation

For reference, this section introduces the terminology used in some…

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Dielectric Strengths for Insulators

Dielectric strength in kilovolts per inch (kV/in): Material*…

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Design Project: Stepper Motor Driver

At first it may seem pointless to have the four buffer gates following…

Worksheets - Hardware Implementation

Parallel Circuits and the Application of Ohm’s Law

In this introduction to parallel resistance circuits, we will explain…

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Specific Resistance of Conductors

Given two lengths of metal wire, which one will have the least…

Worksheets - Hardware Implementation

Symmetric Stripline Impedance Calculator

This calculator helps you compute the characteristic impedance of a symmetric stripline.

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pH Measurement

A very important measurement in many liquid chemical processes…

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Analog Lab - 555 Ramp Signal Generator

In this hands-on electronics experiment, construct a signal generator circuit that creates two different types of ramp signals and learn how capacitors charge when connected to resistors and constant current sources.

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Si Lab - A Simple BJT Current Mirror Circuit

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a simple current mirror using matched bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and learn about current mirror circuit limitations, the temperature dependence of BJTs, and thermal runaway.

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555 Timer Monostable Circuit Calculator

This calculator computes for the output pulse width of a 555 timer monostable circuit

Tools

Inverting Op-Amp Resistor Calculator

This calculator determines the bias and feedback of resistors for an inverting op-amp.

Tools

Special-purpose Batteries

Mercury Standard Cell Back in the early days of electrical measurement…

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Conductors and Insulators

Given two lengths of metal wire, which one will have the least…

Worksheets - Hardware Implementation

Digital Lab - 10-bit Flashing LED Sequencer

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build and test an automated circuit that sequentially flashes 10 LED, and learn about counters, frequency dividers, and switch debouncing.

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