All About Circuits

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A 50-Ohm Cable?

A 50-Ohm Cable?

Early in my explorations of electricity, I came across a length of…


Textbook

Balanced Attenuator Calculator

Balanced Attenuator Calculator

This balanced attenuator calculator helps you determine the resistor (R1) values for a balanced attenuator.


Tools

Passive Filter Circuits

Passive Filter Circuits

In very simple, qualitative terms, rate the impedance of capacitors…


Worksheets - Modulation

Design Project: Telegraph System

Design Project: Telegraph System

What voltage will you choose to use for each of the station batteries?


Worksheets - Modulation

A 50-Ohm Cable?

A 50-Ohm Cable?

Early in my explorations of electricity, I came across a length of…


Textbook

Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator

Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator

This calculator will determine the correct antenna downtilt angle given the heights of the antennas and distance between them.


Tools

EIRP Calculator

EIRP Calculator

A helpful tool for computing the Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) of an antenna


Tools

Digital Communication

Digital Communication

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


Worksheets - Modulation

Q Factor and Bandwidth of a Resonant Circuit

Q Factor and Bandwidth of a Resonant Circuit

The Q, or quality, factor of a resonant circuit is a measure of the…


Textbook

Snell’s Law Calculator

Snell’s Law Calculator

Given three of the four input parameters (refractive indices, angles of incidence, and refraction) this tool calculates the missing variable based on Snell's law.


Tools

Friis Transmission Calculator

Friis Transmission Calculator

This calculator allows you to solve for any of the six variables in the Friis formula for RF transmission: transmitter power, transmitter gain, receiver power, receiver gain, frequency, or distance.


Tools

Link Budget Calculator

Link Budget Calculator

A Link Budget puts into account all gains and losses a signal goes through in a system as it is transmitted. The calculator calculates the power of the received signal given amplifier and antenna gains, and medium loss.


Tools

Radar Maximum Range Calculator

Radar Maximum Range Calculator

This tool is designed to calculate the maximum distance (range) that a radar can detect


Tools

Bridged-Tee Attenuator Calculator

Bridged-Tee Attenuator Calculator

This calculator helps you determine the values of the resistors R1 and R2 to be used for a bridged-tee attenuator.


Tools

DC Lab - Parallel Batteries

DC Lab - Parallel Batteries

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will connect batteries in parallel to power a light and learn the relationship between the individual battery currents and the total system current.


Textbook

Voltage Multipliers (Doublers, Triplers, Quadruplers, and More)

Voltage Multipliers (Doublers, Triplers, Quadruplers, and More)

A voltage multiplier is a specialized rectifier circuit producing…


Textbook

Si Lab - Full-wave Bridge Rectifier With Output Filtering

Si Lab - Full-wave Bridge Rectifier With Output Filtering

In this hands-on semiconductor experiment, build an improved full-wave rectifier with output filtering and learn about capacitive filtering in AC-to-DC power converters.


Textbook

JFET Amplifiers

JFET Amplifiers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Modulation

Contributors (9)

Contributors (9)

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…


Textbook

The Command-line Interface

The Command-line Interface

If you’ve used DOS or UNIX operating systems before in a…


Textbook

Wound Rotor Induction Motors

Wound Rotor Induction Motors

A wound rotor induction motor has a stator like a squirrel cage…


Textbook

Electron Versus Conventional Flow

Electron Versus Conventional Flow

In this electrical circuit, trace the direction of current through the…


Worksheets - Modulation

Amplifier Circuits

Amplifier Circuits

Note, Q3 and Q4 in the figure below are complementary, NPN and PNP…


Textbook

Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) uses digital signals to control power…


Textbook

Stripline Trace Width Calculator

Stripline Trace Width Calculator

A calculator designed to calculate the trace width of a stripline based on the maximum current rating


Tools

Parallel Circuits and the Application of Ohm’s Law

Parallel Circuits and the Application of Ohm’s Law

In this introduction to parallel resistance circuits, we will explain…


Textbook

Single-ended and Differential Amplifiers

Single-ended and Differential Amplifiers

For ease of drawing complex circuit diagrams, electronic amplifiers…


Textbook

Square Root, Cube Root, and Nth Root Calculator

Square Root, Cube Root, and Nth Root Calculator

This calculator will determine the square root, cube root, or nth root of a given number, x.


Tools

Why L/R and not LR?

Why L/R and not LR?

Learn About L/R Time Constants It is often perplexing to new students…


Textbook

555 Timer Astable Oscillator Circuit

555 Timer Astable Oscillator Circuit

In an astable circuit, the output voltage alternates between VCC and 0 volts on a continuous basis. This calculator will help you design an oscillator using a 555 timer IC.


Tools

RC Time Constant Calculator

RC Time Constant Calculator

The time constant of a series RC circuit is the product of the resistance and capacitance. Given two of the three values—resistance, capacitance, or RC time constant—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.


Tools

High Voltage Ohmmeters

High Voltage Ohmmeters

Most ohmmeters of the design shown in the previous section utilize a…


Textbook

Voltmeter Impact on Measured Circuit

Voltmeter Impact on Measured Circuit

Every meter impacts the circuit it is measuring to some extent, just…


Textbook

Brushless DC Motor

Brushless DC Motor

Brushless DC motors were developed from conventional brushed DC motors…


Textbook