Brushless DC motors were developed from conventional brushed DC motors…
The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) was named because its operation…
In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will perform a 4-wire Kelvin resistance measurement and learn how to accurately measure resistance.
Differential Op-Amp Circuits An op-amp with no feedback is already a…
In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use a junction field-effect transistor (JFET) to build a sensitive switching circuit and learn about JFET current gain.
In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will use a potentiometer as a variable resistor to control the speed of a motor and learn how to connect a potentiometer as a rheostat.
Every meter impacts the circuit it is measuring to some extent, just…
This calculator will determine the combined Lorentz force exerted on a charged particle moving through both an electric field and a magnetic field.
Most of us have experienced some form of electric “shock,”…
For ease of drawing complex circuit diagrams, electronic amplifiers…
In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a thermocouple to measure temperature changes and learn about the Seebeck effect.
Centuries ago, it was discovered that certain types of mineral rock…
The voltage divider is a circuit used to create a voltage less than or equal to the input voltage.
If a strip of conductive metal is stretched, it will become skinnier…
This calculator helps determine the resistance of a variable resistor within a Wheatstone bridge circuit or the differential voltage created across the bridge terminals.
By introducing electrical reactance into the feedback loops of an…
In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will construct a voltage detector with adjustable sensitivity and audio output, and you will learn a method for detecting small electrical signals without an oscilloscope.
In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, you will sense AC magnetic fields using a simple wire coil and learn about AC signal coupling, orientation effects, and the impact of shielding using different materials.
Having learned about digital memory devices in the last chapter, we…
A very important measurement in many liquid chemical processes…
Anyone who’s studied geometry should be familiar with the…
When an electric current is passed through a coil of wire, what…
What would happen to this meter movement, if connected directly to a…
Three-phase Wye(Y) Connection Initially, we explored the idea of…
A circuit with an inductor (L) and capacitor (C) connected in parallel or series will have a resonant frequency at which their impedances are equal. Given two of the three values—inductance, capacitance, or resonant frequency—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
Given two lengths of metal wire, which one will have the least…
Solve this equation for the value of x: x + 5 = 8 How many exact…
So far we know that AC voltage alternates in polarity and AC current…
What will this voltmeter register when connected to a battery as shown…
Electricity and Magnetism An electric current through a conductor will…
While Oersted’s surprising discovery of electromagnetism paved…
A common class of operation used in radio-frequency (RF) amplifier…
It is sometimes desirable to have circuits capable of selectively…
Power Equation of Ohm’s Law and Joule’s Law …
As an example of using several circuits together, we are going to make…
A calculator designed to calculate the trace width of a stripline based on the maximum current rating
A diode is an electronics component made from a combination of a…
Quantum physics describes the states of electrons in an atom according…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
NAND and NOR gates possess a special property: they are universal.…
The concept of a mathematical power is familiar to most students of…
Normally, the rotor windings of a wound rotor induction motor are…
Let’s take the same components for our series example circuit…
Complementary Output Gates It is sometimes desirable to have a logic…
Solve this equation for the value of x: x + 5 = 8 How many exact…
In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, build a simple transformer and learn some important transformer fundamentals including voltage step-up and step-down.
What do each of the oscilloscope axes represent, in real-life terms…
It is fairly important to use large value resistors (10 MΩ works…
Try out our Resistor Color Code Calculator in our Tools section.…
Arithmetic Sequences An arithmetic sequence is a series of numbers…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…
By now you should be well aware of the correlation between electrical…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
The superposition theorem is one of those strokes of genius that takes…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…