The voltage divider is a circuit used to create a voltage less than or equal to the input voltage.
Tools
Just as devices have been made to measure certain physical quantities…
Textbook
Having learned about digital memory devices in the last chapter, we…
Textbook
It is very important to keep in mind that the “normal”…
Textbook
Brushless DC motors were developed from conventional brushed DC motors…
Textbook
This calculator will determine the combined Lorentz force exerted on a charged particle moving through both an electric field and a magnetic field.
Tools
In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a thermocouple to measure temperature changes and learn about the Seebeck effect.
Textbook
In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will construct a voltage detector with adjustable sensitivity and audio output, and you will learn a method for detecting small electrical signals without an oscilloscope.
Textbook
In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a BJT differential amplifier and learn about a fundamental building block that is the basis of most operational amplifiers.
Textbook
Every meter impacts the circuit it is measuring to some extent, just…
Textbook
In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, you will sense AC magnetic fields using a simple wire coil and learn about AC signal coupling, orientation effects, and the impact of shielding using different materials.
Textbook
In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will use a potentiometer as a variable resistor to control the speed of a motor and learn how to connect a potentiometer as a rheostat.
Textbook
Differential Op-Amp Circuits An op-amp with no feedback is already a…
Textbook
Most of us have experienced some form of electric “shock,”…
Textbook
Seebeck Effect An interesting phenomenon applied in the field of…
Textbook
By introducing electrical reactance into the feedback loops of an…
Textbook
In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use an LED as a light-sensitive photodetector and learn how to use a bipolar transistor in a common-emitter amplifier configuration.
Textbook
This calculator will convert pressure values to ten different standard units for pressure.
Tools
In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will perform a 4-wire Kelvin resistance measurement and learn how to accurately measure resistance.
Textbook
Single Phase Synchronous Motors Single-phase synchronous motors are…
Textbook
Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…
Textbook
In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a full-wave rectifier for AC to DC conversion and learn about center-tapped transformers.
Textbook
In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will compare the resistance of a lamp filament in its on and off states and learn about nonlinear resistances by applying Ohm's law.
Textbook
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
Worksheets - Sensors
In the common-emitter section of this chapter, we saw a SPICE analysis…
Textbook
Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…
Textbook
In these hands-on semiconductor electronics experiments, learn to build and test circuits using discrete silicon (Si) devices, including diodes and transistors. Also, learn important circuit designs, including rectifiers, current mirrors, amplifiers, and oscillators.
Textbook
One caveat with signed binary numbers is that of overflow, where the…
Textbook
Limitations of Electromechanical Relays As versatile as…
Textbook
Remember that this tutorial is not exhaustive by any means, and that…
Textbook
Capacitors Vs. Resistors Capacitors do not behave the same as…
Textbook
Since Thevenin’s theorem and Norton’s theorems are two…
Textbook
Varicap or varactor diodes A variable capacitance diode is known as a…
Textbook
In this hands-on electronics experiment, build an oscillator with hysteresis from a Schmitt trigger and learn how to use it to create an RC oscillator and a method to configure a 555 timer as an astable multivibrator.
Textbook
In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a simple DC voltage regulator circuit and learn how to use reverse-biased Zener diodes as voltage clamps.
Textbook
In the last section, we saw how the 3rd harmonic and all of its…
Textbook
In this electrical circuit, trace the direction of current through the…
Worksheets - Sensors
It is a common phenomenon for the electrical resistance of a substance…
Worksheets - Sensors
This calculator will determine the combined Lorentz force exerted on a charged particle moving through both an electric field and a magnetic field.
Tools
In the previous section, we explored what would happen in simple…
Textbook
In addition to forward voltage drop (Vf) and peak inverse voltage…
Textbook
In this hands-on semiconductor experiment, build an improved full-wave rectifier with output filtering and learn about capacitive filtering in AC-to-DC power converters.
Textbook
The final transistor amplifier configuration (Figure below) we need to…
Textbook
Identify some different ways you can create the sine-wave audio tracks…
Worksheets - Sensors
Two relatively recent technologies designed to reduce the…
Textbook
Computerized Fourier analysis, particularly in the form of the FFT…
Textbook
“I consider that I understand an equation when I can predict the…
Textbook
In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, build a 12 V alternating current (AC) power supply using a step-down transformer and learn about transformer operation and the purpose of tapped windings.
Textbook
Associative Property In addition and multiplication, terms may be…
Textbook
With simple series circuits, all components are connected end-to-end…
Textbook
In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build an S-R latch with an enabled input using four NAND gates and learn more about digital circuit functionality.
Textbook
Electromechanical watt-hour meters use an aluminum disk that is spun…
Worksheets - Sensors
Capacitors do not have a stable “resistance” as conductors…
Textbook
In this hands-on electronics experiment, build an oscillator with hysteresis from a Schmitt trigger and learn how to use it to create an RC oscillator and a method to configure a 555 timer as an astable multivibrator.
Textbook
If you’ve ever witnessed a lightning storm, you’ve seen…
Textbook
Shockley Diodes and Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs) Shockley…
Textbook
As an electric current is passed through a coil of wire, it creates a…
Worksheets - Sensors
At the beginning of this chapter, it illustrates how transistors could…
Textbook
In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a Schmitt trigger using a 555 timer and learn about hysteresis and the inner workings of the extremely versatile 555 timer IC.
Textbook
Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…
Textbook
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