Perhaps the most challenging aspect of interpreting ladder diagrams,…
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We can subtract one binary number from another by using the standard…
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A decoder is a circuit that changes a code into a set of signals. It…
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Most integrated circuits are digital, based on MOS (CMOS) transistors.…
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What is a Synchronous Counter? A synchronous counter, in contrast to…
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Define the following acronyms as they apply to digital logic circuits:…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…
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This calculator helps you compute the characteristic impedance of an embedded microstrip.
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The “vocabulary” of instructions which any particular…
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Having learned about digital memory devices in the last chapter, we…
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With addition being easily accomplished, we can perform the operation…
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A handy all-in-one tool for reading resistor color code values for a 4 band resistor, 5 band resistor, or 6 band resistor.
Tools
One caveat with signed binary numbers is that of overflow, where the…
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Up to now, every circuit that was presented was a combinatorial…
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Before the advent of solid-state logic circuits, logical control…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a simple circuit that computes the average of voltages and learn about analog computers and their application.
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…
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The Rules of Binary Addition Adding binary numbers is a very simple…
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In these hands-on semiconductor electronics experiments, learn to build and test circuits using discrete silicon (Si) devices, including diodes and transistors. Also, learn important circuit designs, including rectifiers, current mirrors, amplifiers, and oscillators.
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The manufacture of only silicon based semiconductors is described…
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Protective relays are special power-sensing devices whose job it is to…
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A common phrase heard in reference to electrical safety goes something…
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Complex numbers are useful for AC circuit analysis because they…
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In many disciplines of science and engineering, very large and very…
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Digital computers communicate with external devices through ports:…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a 3-bit down counter using J-K flip-flops and learn about asynchronous counter functionality.
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Roman Numerals The Romans devised a system that was a substantial…
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Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…
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In this circuit, three resistors receive the same amount of current (4…
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Ohm’s Law also makes intuitive sense if you apply it to the…
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If a block of P-type semiconductor is placed in contact with a block…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will connect batteries in series and learn the relationship between the individual battery voltages and the total series voltage.
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…
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A transistor is a semiconductor device that controls current with the…
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Our exploration of thyristors begins with a device called the…
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The smaller the cross-sectional area of any given wire, the greater…
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What does it mean, in general terms, to encode something? Conversely,…
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Let’s connect three AC voltage sources in series and use complex…
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A helpful tool for computing the Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) of an antenna
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The wires between the tank and the monitoring location is called…
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Our next transistor configuration to study is a bit simpler for gain…
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Complementary Output Gates It is sometimes desirable to have a logic…
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This calculator will determine the correct antenna downtilt angle given the heights of the antennas and distance between them.
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Up until this point, our analysis of transistor logic circuits has…
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Current Source It is possible through the use of electronic amplifiers…
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A tool designed to calculate skin depth based on the conductive material being used and the frequency of the signal.
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Now that we’ve seen how series and parallel AC circuit analysis…
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Computerized Fourier analysis, particularly in the form of the FFT…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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Suppose we altered our basic open-collector inverter circuit, adding a…
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A multiplexer, abbreviated mux, is a device that has multiple inputs…
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This calculator helps you compute the inductance of a broadside coupled trace.
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Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…
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Capacitors Vs. Resistors Capacitors do not behave the same as…
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When someone mentions the word “computer,” a digital…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build an electromagnet and learn about electromagnetism including the relationship of magnetic polarity to current flow.
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This page provides a step-by-step introduction to using the mesh…
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Define the following terms: energy, work, and power.
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