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Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator

Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator

This tool calculates the dimensions of the microstrip patch antenna given the desired operating frequency.


Tools

Optical Data Communication

Optical Data Communication

A modern alternative to sending (binary) digital information via…


Textbook

Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem is not so much a means of analysis…


Textbook

Radar Maximum Range Calculator

Radar Maximum Range Calculator

This tool is designed to calculate the maximum distance (range) that a radar can detect


Tools

Selsyn (Synchro) Motors

Selsyn (Synchro) Motors

Normally, the rotor windings of a wound rotor induction motor are…


Textbook

Free Space Path Loss Calculator

Free Space Path Loss Calculator

This calculator calculates the free space loss, given the distance, frequency, and gain, between two antennas.


Tools

What Is the Skin Effect?

What Is the Skin Effect?

The Skin Depth of Copper in Electrical Engineering As previously…


Textbook

Principles of Radio

Principles of Radio

One of the more fascinating applications of electricity is in the…


Textbook

AC Instrumentation Transducers

AC Instrumentation Transducers

Just as devices have been made to measure certain physical quantities…


Textbook

Friis Transmission Calculator

Friis Transmission Calculator

This calculator allows you to solve for any of the six variables in the Friis formula for RF transmission: transmitter power, transmitter gain, receiver power, receiver gain, frequency, or distance.


Tools

Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator

Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator

This calculator will determine the correct antenna downtilt angle given the heights of the antennas and distance between them.


Tools

BJT Quirks

BJT Quirks

An ideal transistor would show 0% distortion in amplifying a signal.…


Textbook

Special Transformers and Applications

Special Transformers and Applications

Impedance Matching Because transformers can step voltage and current…


Textbook

RF Power Ratio Conversion Calculator

RF Power Ratio Conversion Calculator

This tool is designed to convert power ratios to decibel


Tools

Waveguides

Waveguides

A waveguide is a special form of transmission line consisting of a…


Textbook

Introduction to Digital Communication

Introduction to Digital Communication

In the design of large and complex digital systems, it is often…


Textbook

Radio Circuits

Radio Circuits

(a) Crystal radio. (b) Modulated RF at antenna. (c) Rectified RF at…


Textbook

Fundamentals of Radio Communication

Fundamentals of Radio Communication

What does the acronym RF stand form, in reference to radio-related…


Worksheets - Antennas

Passive Filter Circuits

Passive Filter Circuits

In very simple, qualitative terms, rate the impedance of capacitors…


Worksheets - Antennas

Mixed-Frequency Signals

Mixed-Frequency Signals

What is a harmonic frequency? If an oscillator circuit outputs a…


Worksheets - Antennas

Reflection Attenuator Calculator

Reflection Attenuator Calculator

This tool is designed to calculate the value of resistance R1 in a reflection attenuator.


Tools

Electric Fields and Capacitance

Electric Fields and Capacitance

Introduction Whenever an electric voltage exists between two separated…


Textbook

Harmonics in Polyphase Power Systems

Harmonics in Polyphase Power Systems

In the chapter on mixed-frequency signals, we explored the concept of…


Textbook

Q Factor and Bandwidth of a Resonant Circuit

Q Factor and Bandwidth of a Resonant Circuit

The Q, or quality, factor of a resonant circuit is a measure of the…


Textbook

Frequency and Phase Measurement

Frequency and Phase Measurement

An important electrical quantity with no equivalent in DC circuits is…


Textbook

More on Spectrum Analysis

More on Spectrum Analysis

Computerized Fourier analysis, particularly in the form of the FFT…


Textbook

Finite-length Transmission Lines

Finite-length Transmission Lines

A transmission line of infinite length is an interesting abstraction,…


Textbook

Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator

Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator

This calculator will determine the correct antenna downtilt angle given the heights of the antennas and distance between them.


Tools

Three-phase Transformer Circuits

Three-phase Transformer Circuits

Since three-phase is used so often for power distribution systems, it…


Textbook

Coax Inductance Calculator

Coax Inductance Calculator

A calculator for computing the inductance of a coaxial cable.


Tools

Pi Attenuator Calculator

Pi Attenuator Calculator

This calculator helps you determine the values of the resistors R1 and R2 to be used for a Pi Attenuator.


Tools

Electrical Signal Types

Electrical Signal Types

With BogusBus, our signals were very simple and straightforward: each…


Textbook

Signal Modulation

Signal Modulation

A modern method of electrical power control involves inserting a…


Worksheets - Antennas

Radar Maximum Range Calculator

Radar Maximum Range Calculator

This tool is designed to calculate the maximum distance (range) that a radar can detect


Tools

LC Tank Circuit Resonance Calculator

LC Tank Circuit Resonance Calculator

This calculator computes the resonant frequency of a parallel inductor and capacitor "tank" circuit.


Tools

T-Pad Attenuator Calculator

T-Pad Attenuator Calculator

This calculator helps you determine the values of the resistors R1 and R2 to be used for a T-pad attenuator.


Tools

Bridged-Tee Attenuator Calculator

Bridged-Tee Attenuator Calculator

This calculator helps you determine the values of the resistors R1 and R2 to be used for a bridged-tee attenuator.


Tools

Skin Depth Calculator

Skin Depth Calculator

A tool designed to calculate skin depth based on the conductive material being used and the frequency of the signal.


Tools

ElectroStatic Discharge

ElectroStatic Discharge

At the start of this book, we discussed static electricity and how it…


Textbook

Electrical Noise and Interference

Electrical Noise and Interference

Define what noise means, in the electrical sense of the word. How does…


Worksheets - Antennas

Vectors and AC Waveforms

Vectors and AC Waveforms

OK, so how exactly can we represent AC quantities of voltage or…


Textbook

Half-Adder

Half-Adder

As a first example of useful combinational logic, let’s build a…


Textbook

Time Constant Circuits

Time Constant Circuits

Generally speaking, how many “time constants” worth of time does…


Worksheets - Antennas

Elementary Amplifier Theory

Elementary Amplifier Theory

Fundamentally, an amplifier is a device that takes in a low-power…


Worksheets - Antennas

Electrical Transients

Electrical Transients

This chapter explores the response of capacitors and inductors to…


Textbook

Noise Figure and Noise Temperature Calculator

Noise Figure and Noise Temperature Calculator

This calculator computes the noise figure and noise temperature in a system


Tools

Special-output Gates

Special-output Gates

Complementary Output Gates It is sometimes desirable to have a logic…


Textbook

How to Use Thevenin’s Theorem

How to Use Thevenin’s Theorem

This page will walk you step-by-step through the process of…


Textbook

Programmable Logic Technology

Programmable Logic Technology

Define the following acronyms as they apply to digital logic circuits:…


Worksheets - Antennas

DIY EE Lab - Setting Up a Home Electronics Lab

DIY EE Lab - Setting Up a Home Electronics Lab

To build the DIY electronics projects described in this textbook, you will need a small work area, a few tools, and some basic electronics supplies. This page describes the setup of a low-cost home electronics laboratory.


Textbook

Stripline Max Current Calculator

Stripline Max Current Calculator

A calculator designed to calculate the maximum current that a stripline can handle


Tools

Table (portrait view)

Table (portrait view)

  Periodic table of chemical elements.


Textbook

Linear Computational Circuitry

Linear Computational Circuitry

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Antennas

Voltage-to-Current Signal Conversion

Voltage-to-Current Signal Conversion

In instrumentation circuitry, DC signals are often used as analog…


Textbook

Bipolar Transistor Biasing Circuits

Bipolar Transistor Biasing Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Antennas

Diodes

Diodes

A diode is an electronics component made from a combination of a…


Textbook

Power in Resistive and Reactive AC circuits

Power in Resistive and Reactive AC circuits

Consider a circuit for a single-phase AC power system, where a 120…


Textbook

The D Latch

The D Latch

Since the enable input on a gated S-R latch provides a way to latch…


Textbook

Specific Resistance of Conductors

Specific Resistance of Conductors

Given two lengths of metal wire, which one will have the least…


Worksheets - Antennas

Power Conversion Circuits

Power Conversion Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Antennas