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Historical, Nonmechanical Memory Technologies

Historical, Nonmechanical Memory Technologies

Perhaps the most ingenious technique was that of the delay line. A…


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Modern Nonmechanical Memory

Modern Nonmechanical Memory

Now we can proceed to studying specific types of digital storage…


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Memory with moving parts: “Drives”

Memory with moving parts: “Drives”

The earliest forms of digital data storage involving moving parts was…


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Read-Only Memory (ROM)

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

Read-only memory (ROM) is similar in design to static or dynamic RAM…


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TTL NAND and AND gates

TTL NAND and AND gates

Suppose we altered our basic open-collector inverter circuit, adding a…


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Microprocessors

Microprocessors

Early computer science pioneers such as Alan Turing and John Von…


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Digital Memory Terms and Concepts

Digital Memory Terms and Concepts

When we store information in some kind of circuit or device, we not…


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Digital Lab - S-R Latch Using NOR Gates

Digital Lab - S-R Latch Using NOR Gates

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build an S-R latch using two NOR gates and learn how this type of digital memory operates, including invalid states, race conditions, and the effects of output loading.


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Memory Devices

Memory Devices

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


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Shift Registers

Shift Registers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


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TTL NOR and OR gates

TTL NOR and OR gates

TTL Circuit Analysis Let’s examine the following TTL circuit and…


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Programmable Logic Technology

Programmable Logic Technology

Define the following acronyms as they apply to digital logic circuits:…


Worksheets - Memory

Arc Flash and Arc Blast

Arc Flash and Arc Blast

Electromechanical relays used to start and stop high-power electric…


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Digital Lab - S-R Latch With Enable Input using NAND Gates

Digital Lab - S-R Latch With Enable Input using NAND Gates

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build an S-R latch with an enabled input using four NAND gates and learn more about digital circuit functionality.


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Digital Lab - S-R Flip-flop Using NAND Gates

Digital Lab - S-R Flip-flop Using NAND Gates

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build an edge-triggered S-R flip-flop, learn the difference between a latch and a flip-flop, and experience how a switch bounce can cause logic errors.


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Power Density Calculator

Power Density Calculator

A tool designed to calculate the power density of an antenna


Tools

AC Lab - Sensitive Voltage Detector with Audio Output

AC Lab - Sensitive Voltage Detector with Audio Output

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will construct a voltage detector with adjustable sensitivity and audio output, and you will learn a method for detecting small electrical signals without an oscilloscope.


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Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) uses digital signals to control power…


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Circuit Effects

Circuit Effects

The principle of non-sinusoidal, repeating waveforms being equivalent…


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Resonance in Series-Parallel Circuits

Resonance in Series-Parallel Circuits

In simple reactive circuits with little or no resistance, the effects…


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Hyperbolic Functions

Hyperbolic Functions

Note: all angles (x) must be expressed in units of radians for these…


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Counters

Counters

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


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Analog Lab - Introduction

Analog Lab - Introduction

In this series of hands-on electronics experiments, build analog circuits, including amplifiers, comparators, oscillators, and more. Following the step-by-step instructions will help you understand and appreciate analog systems.


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Complex Circuits

Complex Circuits

What do we do if we come across a circuit more complex than the simple…


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Calculating Electric Power

Calculating Electric Power

Learn the Power Formula We’ve seen the formula for determining…


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Logarithms

Logarithms

Definition of a Logarithm     “log” denotes a…


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Trace Resistance Calculator

Trace Resistance Calculator

This calculator determines the resistance of a microstrip trace


Tools

Relay Construction

Relay Construction

Electricity and Magnetism An electric current through a conductor will…


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Solving Unbalanced Wheatstone Bridge Circuits Via Mesh Current Method

Solving Unbalanced Wheatstone Bridge Circuits Via Mesh Current Method

An unbalanced Wheatstone bridge cannot be solved using simple series…


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Tesla Polyphase Induction Motors

Tesla Polyphase Induction Motors

Most AC motors are induction motors. Induction motors are favored due…


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Basic Circuit Troubleshooting

Basic Circuit Troubleshooting

Determine if the light bulb will de-energize for each of the following…


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Common Derivatives

Common Derivatives

    RELATED WORKSHEETS: Calculus for Electric Circuits…


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Delta-Sigma ADC

Delta-Sigma ADC

One of the more advanced ADC technologies is the so-called…


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Basic AC-DC Power Supplies

Basic AC-DC Power Supplies

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Series and Parallel AC Circuits

Series and Parallel AC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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The Cascode Amplifier

The Cascode Amplifier

While the C-B (common-base) amplifier is known for wider bandwidth…


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DC Lab - Precision Potentiometer

DC Lab - Precision Potentiometer

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a precision potentiometer from three lower precision potentiometer and learn about voltage range compression and parameter interactions.


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CMOS Logic Gates

CMOS Logic Gates

Counting practice: count from zero to thirty-one in binary, octal, and…


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Inductor Quirks

Inductor Quirks

In an ideal case, an inductor acts as a purely reactive device. That…


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DC Metrology

DC Metrology

Define the following metrological terms: • Uncertainty • Accuracy…


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Inductance

Inductance

∫f(x) dx Calculus alert! One of the fundamental principles of…


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Op-amp Circuits

Op-amp Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Universal Shift Registers: Parallel-in, Parallel-out

Universal Shift Registers: Parallel-in, Parallel-out

The purpose of the parallel-in/ parallel-out shift register is to take…


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Thyristor Application Circuits

Thyristor Application Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Shift Registers: Parallel-in, Serial-out (PISO) Conversion

Shift Registers: Parallel-in, Serial-out (PISO) Conversion

Parallel-in/ serial-out shift registers do everything that the…


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How to Use Thevenin’s Theorem

How to Use Thevenin’s Theorem

This page will walk you step-by-step through the process of…


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More on AC “polarity”

More on AC “polarity”

Complex numbers are useful for AC circuit analysis because they…


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Tubes versus Semiconductors

Tubes versus Semiconductors

Devoting a whole chapter in a modern electronics text to the design…


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Introduction to AC Motors

Introduction to AC Motors

After the introduction of the DC electrical distribution system by…


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Switches, Process Actuated

Switches, Process Actuated

It is very important to keep in mind that the “normal”…


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SPICE Quirks

SPICE Quirks

“Garbage in, garbage out.” —Anonymous   SPICE…


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Decibel Measurements

Decibel Measurements

During the early development of telephone technology, a unit was…


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Battery Ratings

Battery Ratings

Because batteries create current flow in a circuit by exchanging…


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Electric Shock Data

Electric Shock Data

The table of electric currents and their various bodily effects was…


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Analog Lab - 555 Ramp Signal Generator

Analog Lab - 555 Ramp Signal Generator

In this hands-on electronics experiment, construct a signal generator circuit that creates two different types of ramp signals and learn how capacitors charge when connected to resistors and constant current sources.


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Si Lab - Differential Amplifier

Si Lab - Differential Amplifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a BJT differential amplifier and learn about a fundamental building block that is the basis of most operational amplifiers.


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