DC Lab - 4-wire Resistance Measurement

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will perform a 4-wire Kelvin resistance measurement and learn how to accurately measure resistance.

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Voltmeter Impact on Measured Circuit

Every meter impacts the circuit it is measuring to some extent, just…

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Building a Differential Amplifier

Differential Op-Amp Circuits An op-amp with no feedback is already a…

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DC Lab - Thermoelectricity

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a thermocouple to measure temperature changes and learn about the Seebeck effect.

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Lorentz Force Calculator

This calculator will determine the combined Lorentz force exerted on a charged particle moving through both an electric field and a magnetic field.

Tools

Voltage Divider Calculator

The voltage divider is a circuit used to create a voltage less than or equal to the input voltage.

Tools

DC Lab - Sensitive Voltage Detector With Audio Output

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will construct a voltage detector with adjustable sensitivity and audio output, and you will learn a method for detecting small electrical signals without an oscilloscope.

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pH Measurement

A very important measurement in many liquid chemical processes…

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Switches, Process Actuated

It is very important to keep in mind that the “normal”…

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Strain Gauges

If a strip of conductive metal is stretched, it will become skinnier…

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Look-up Tables

Having learned about digital memory devices in the last chapter, we…

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Si Lab - Differential Amplifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a BJT differential amplifier and learn about a fundamental building block that is the basis of most operational amplifiers.

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DC Lab - Potentiometer as a Rheostat

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will use a potentiometer as a variable resistor to control the speed of a motor and learn how to connect a potentiometer as a rheostat.

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Wheatstone Bridge Calculator

This calculator helps determine the resistance of a variable resistor within a Wheatstone bridge circuit or the differential voltage created across the bridge terminals.

Tools

AC Instrumentation Transducers

Just as devices have been made to measure certain physical quantities…

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Si Lab - JFET Switching Circuit and Static Electricity Sensor

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use a junction field-effect transistor (JFET) to build a sensitive switching circuit and learn about JFET current gain.

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Pressure Unit Conversion Calculator

This calculator will convert pressure values to ten different standard units for pressure.

Tools

Differentiator and Integrator Circuits

By introducing electrical reactance into the feedback loops of an…

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AC Lab - Sensing AC Magnetic Fields

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, you will sense AC magnetic fields using a simple wire coil and learn about AC signal coupling, orientation effects, and the impact of shielding using different materials.

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Physiological Effects of Electricity

Most of us have experienced some form of electric “shock,”…

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Basic Electromagnetic Relays

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze relay…

Worksheets - Optical Sensors

Don’t Care Cells in the Karnaugh Map

Up to this point we have considered logic reduction problems where…

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Hand Calculator Use

To enter numbers in scientific notation into a hand calculator, there…

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Amplifier Circuits

Note, Q3 and Q4 in the figure below are complementary, NPN and PNP…

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Design Project: Sensitive Microphone Amplifier

Identify which direction each potentiometer wiper must move in this…

Worksheets - Optical Sensors

Introduction to Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT)

The invention of the bipolar transistor in 1948 ushered in a…

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Arithmetic Properties

Associative Property In addition and multiplication, terms may be…

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Phasing

Since transformers are essentially AC devices, we need to be aware of…

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Rules for Derivatives

Constant rule Rule of sums Rule of differences Product rule Quotient…

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Introduction to Shift Registers

Shift registers, like counters, are a form of sequential…

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Specific Resistance of Conductors

Given two lengths of metal wire, which one will have the least…

Worksheets - Optical Sensors

Single-phase Power Systems

Single phase power system schematic diagram shows little about the…

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The Common-emitter Amplifier

At the beginning of this chapter, it illustrates how transistors could…

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Oscillator Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Worksheets - Optical Sensors

Design Project: AC-DC Power Supply

Safety is very important when designing and/or building a device…

Worksheets - Optical Sensors

The J-K Flip-Flop

Another variation on a theme of bistable multivibrators is the J-K…

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Permissive and Interlock Circuits

A practical application of switch and relay logic is in control…

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The Common-gate Amplifier (IGFET)

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Hyperbolic Functions

Note: all angles (x) must be expressed in units of radians for these…

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Arc Flash and Arc Blast

Electromechanical relays used to start and stop high-power electric…

Worksheets - Optical Sensors