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Switches, Process Actuated

Switches, Process Actuated

It is very important to keep in mind that the “normal”…


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Differentiator and Integrator Circuits

Differentiator and Integrator Circuits

By introducing electrical reactance into the feedback loops of an…


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DC Lab - Thermoelectricity

DC Lab - Thermoelectricity

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a thermocouple to measure temperature changes and learn about the Seebeck effect.


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Lorentz Force Calculator

Lorentz Force Calculator

This calculator will determine the combined Lorentz force exerted on a charged particle moving through both an electric field and a magnetic field.


Tools

Brushless DC Motor

Brushless DC Motor

Brushless DC motors were developed from conventional brushed DC motors…


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AC Instrumentation Transducers

AC Instrumentation Transducers

Just as devices have been made to measure certain physical quantities…


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Building a Differential Amplifier

Building a Differential Amplifier

Differential Op-Amp Circuits An op-amp with no feedback is already a…


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Si Lab - Light Sensor (LED Photodetector)

Si Lab - Light Sensor (LED Photodetector)

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use an LED as a light-sensitive photodetector and learn how to use a bipolar transistor in a common-emitter amplifier configuration.


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Voltage Divider Calculator

Voltage Divider Calculator

The voltage divider is a circuit used to create a voltage less than or equal to the input voltage.


Tools

Permanent Magnets

Permanent Magnets

Centuries ago, it was discovered that certain types of mineral rock…


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Physiological Effects of Electricity

Physiological Effects of Electricity

Most of us have experienced some form of electric “shock,”…


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pH Measurement

pH Measurement

A very important measurement in many liquid chemical processes…


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Look-up Tables

Look-up Tables

Having learned about digital memory devices in the last chapter, we…


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Bipolar Junction Transistors

Bipolar Junction Transistors

The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) was named because its operation…


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Thermocouples

Thermocouples

Seebeck Effect An interesting phenomenon applied in the field of…


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Strain Gauges

Strain Gauges

If a strip of conductive metal is stretched, it will become skinnier…


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DC Lab - 4-wire Resistance Measurement

DC Lab - 4-wire Resistance Measurement

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will perform a 4-wire Kelvin resistance measurement and learn how to accurately measure resistance.


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Si Lab - JFET Switching Circuit and Static Electricity Sensor

Si Lab - JFET Switching Circuit and Static Electricity Sensor

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use a junction field-effect transistor (JFET) to build a sensitive switching circuit and learn about JFET current gain.


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Si Lab - Differential Amplifier

Si Lab - Differential Amplifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a BJT differential amplifier and learn about a fundamental building block that is the basis of most operational amplifiers.


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Wheatstone Bridge Calculator

Wheatstone Bridge Calculator

This calculator helps determine the resistance of a variable resistor within a Wheatstone bridge circuit or the differential voltage created across the bridge terminals.


Tools

Numeration Systems

Numeration Systems

Digital computers communicate with external devices through ports:…


Worksheets - Automotive

Power Quality Measurement

Power Quality Measurement

It used to be with large AC power systems that “power…


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High-pass Filters

High-pass Filters

A high-pass filter’s task is just the opposite of a low-pass…


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Basic Electromagnetic Relays

Basic Electromagnetic Relays

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze relay…


Worksheets - Automotive

Current Mirror BJTs

Current Mirror BJTs

Bipolar Junction Transistor or BJT Current Mirror An often-used…


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Power Added Efficiency Calculator

Power Added Efficiency Calculator

A calculator designed to compute the power-added efficiency (PAE) of an amplifier


Tools

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

Read-only memory (ROM) is similar in design to static or dynamic RAM…


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Contributors (3)

Contributors (3)

<p> Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological…


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Special Diodes

Special Diodes

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Automotive

Dielectric Strengths for Insulators

Dielectric Strengths for Insulators

Dielectric strength in kilovolts per inch (kV/in): Material*…


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Analog Lab - Class B Audio Amplifier

Analog Lab - Class B Audio Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a Class B push-pull audio amplifier to drive a speaker and learn about crossover distortion and how to minimize it using negative feedback.


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Δ-Y and Y-Δ Conversions

Δ-Y and Y-Δ Conversions

In many circuit applications, we encounter components connected…


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Circuit Wiring

Circuit Wiring

So far, we’ve been analyzing single-battery, single-resistor…


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Differentiator and Integrator Circuits

Differentiator and Integrator Circuits

By introducing electrical reactance into the feedback loops of an…


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What is the Relationship Between Conductance and Resistance?

What is the Relationship Between Conductance and Resistance?

The concept and measurement units of resistance are most often used…


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Contributors (12)

Contributors (12)

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…


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Printed Circuit Board Layout and Manufacture

Printed Circuit Board Layout and Manufacture

When a PCB designer speaks of dimensions in thous or mils, what does…


Worksheets - Automotive

Rules for Derivatives

Rules for Derivatives

Constant rule Rule of sums Rule of differences Product rule Quotient…


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Twisted-Pair Impedance Calculator

Twisted-Pair Impedance Calculator

A tool designed to calculate the characteristic impedance of a twisted-pair cable


Tools

Si Lab - Zener Diode Voltage Regulator

Si Lab - Zener Diode Voltage Regulator

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a simple DC voltage regulator circuit and learn how to use reverse-biased Zener diodes as voltage clamps.


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