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Special-purpose Diodes

Special-purpose Diodes

Schottky diodes Schottky diodes are constructed of a metal-to-N…


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Digital Lab - 7-segment LED Display

Digital Lab - 7-segment LED Display

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will control a 7-segment binary-coded decimal (BCD) display and learn about active-low and active-high logic inputs.


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Digital Lab - Digital Combination Lock

Digital Lab - Digital Combination Lock

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a digital combination lock with LED output indicators and learn about XOR gate functionality and how to implement NOR logic functionality using diodes.


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Digital Display Circuits

Digital Display Circuits

What is the purpose of a seven-segment decoder circuit? What is a…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

Series LED Resistor Calculator

Series LED Resistor Calculator

This series LED resistance calculator is perfect for when you have a single LED or a number of the same color of LEDs in series and need to know which resistor you should use.


Tools

Convert MCD to Lumens

Convert MCD to Lumens

This calculator is useful for calculating the luminous flux for LEDs where the angle is known.


Tools

Design Project: LED Stroboscope

Design Project: LED Stroboscope

A technician uses a stroboscope to “freeze” the rotation of a…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

Optoelectronic Devices

Optoelectronic Devices

In this circuit, the electric motor is supposed to turn on whenever…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

555 Lab - Blue LED Flasher With Voltage Doubler

555 Lab - Blue LED Flasher With Voltage Doubler

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a blue LED flasher using a 555 timer and learn the basic theory of a voltage doubler using a transistor switch and a capacitor.


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Display Tubes

Display Tubes

In addition to performing tasks of amplification and switching, tubes…


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Synchronous Motors

Synchronous Motors

Single Phase Synchronous Motors Single-phase synchronous motors are…


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Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC)

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC)

Before the advent of solid-state logic circuits, logical control…


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555 Lab - Advanced Red LED Flasher

555 Lab - Advanced Red LED Flasher

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a red LED flasher with a transistor drive to control the current and learn how to use transistors to provide current gain and how to limit LED current.


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Si Lab - Bipolar Transistor as a Switch

Si Lab - Bipolar Transistor as a Switch

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) to switch an LED and learn about the current their amplification.


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Karnaugh Mapping

Karnaugh Mapping

Identify each of these logic gates by name, and complete their…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

Si Lab - Light Sensor (LED Photodetector)

Si Lab - Light Sensor (LED Photodetector)

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use an LED as a light-sensitive photodetector and learn how to use a bipolar transistor in a common-emitter amplifier configuration.


Textbook

555 Lab - LED Flasher with Inductive Flyback

555 Lab - LED Flasher with Inductive Flyback

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a multiple LED flasher and learn how to use inductive flyback to generate a voltage pulse that is greater than the supply voltage.


Textbook

Digital Lab - 10-bit Flashing LED Sequencer

Digital Lab - 10-bit Flashing LED Sequencer

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build and test an automated circuit that sequentially flashes 10 LED, and learn about counters, frequency dividers, and switch debouncing.


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555 Lab - Red LED Flasher

555 Lab - Red LED Flasher

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a red LED flasher and learn a useful application of the versatile 555 timer IC.


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Resonance

Resonance

The Q factor of a series inductive circuit is given by the following…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

VSWR / Return Loss Calculator

VSWR / Return Loss Calculator

A calculator designed to compute the VSWR, reflection coefficient, return loss and matching loss in a transmission line


Tools

Factorials

Factorials

Definition of a Factorial Denoted by the symbol “!” after…


Textbook

What is the Relationship Between Conductance and Resistance?

What is the Relationship Between Conductance and Resistance?

The concept and measurement units of resistance are most often used…


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Inductor Quirks

Inductor Quirks

In an ideal case, an inductor acts as a purely reactive device. That…


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SPICE Quirks

SPICE Quirks

“Garbage in, garbage out.” —Anonymous   SPICE…


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Design Project: Sensitive Audio Detector

Design Project: Sensitive Audio Detector

The choice of step-down transformers to use in a project such as this…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

Mesh Current Method (Loop Current Method)

Mesh Current Method (Loop Current Method)

This page provides a step-by-step introduction to using the mesh…


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Standing Waves and Resonance

Standing Waves and Resonance

Whenever there is a mismatch of impedance between transmission line…


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Contributors (8)

Contributors (8)

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…


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Introduction to SPICE

Introduction to SPICE

“With Electronics Workbench, you can create circuit schematics…


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Parallel Circuit Rules

Parallel Circuit Rules

Voltage Components in a parallel circuit share the same voltage:…


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Si Lab - Full-wave Center-tap Rectifier

Si Lab - Full-wave Center-tap Rectifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a full-wave rectifier for AC to DC conversion and learn about center-tapped transformers.


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Voltage/Current Converter OpAmp Circuits

Voltage/Current Converter OpAmp Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

Common Sources of Hazard

Common Sources of Hazard

Of course, there is a danger of electrical shock when directly…


Textbook

Voltage and Current

Voltage and Current

As was previously mentioned, we need more than just a continuous path…


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Basic AC-DC Power Supplies

Basic AC-DC Power Supplies

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

DC Lab - 4-wire Resistance Measurement

DC Lab - 4-wire Resistance Measurement

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will perform a 4-wire Kelvin resistance measurement and learn how to accurately measure resistance.


Textbook

Solving for Unknown Time

Solving for Unknown Time

Sometimes it is necessary to determine the length of time that a…


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The Tetrode

The Tetrode

As the name suggests, the tetrode tube contains four elements: cathode…


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DC Branch Current Analysis

DC Branch Current Analysis

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

Electrical Signal Types

Electrical Signal Types

With BogusBus, our signals were very simple and straightforward: each…


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What is Norton’s Theorem and the Norton Equivalent Circuit?

What is Norton’s Theorem and the Norton Equivalent Circuit?

This article explains the step-by-step process for determining the…


Textbook

Si Lab - Full-wave Bridge Rectifier With Output Filtering

Si Lab - Full-wave Bridge Rectifier With Output Filtering

In this hands-on semiconductor experiment, build an improved full-wave rectifier with output filtering and learn about capacitive filtering in AC-to-DC power converters.


Textbook

Capacitor Charge and Time Constant Calculator

Capacitor Charge and Time Constant Calculator

This calculator computes for the capacitor charge time and energy, given the supply voltage and the added series resistance.


Tools

AC Bridge Circuits

AC Bridge Circuits

As we saw with DC measurement circuits, the circuit configuration…


Textbook

Voltmeter Design

Voltmeter Design

As was stated earlier, most meter movements are sensitive devices.…


Textbook

Biasing Techniques (BJT)

Biasing Techniques (BJT)

In the common-emitter section of this chapter, we saw a SPICE analysis…


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Basic AC-DC Power Supplies

Basic AC-DC Power Supplies

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

Counter Modulus

Counter Modulus

Incomplete


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Power Conversion Circuits

Power Conversion Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

Numbers versus Numeration

Numbers versus Numeration

It is imperative to understand that the type of numeration system used…


Textbook

Programmable Logic Technology

Programmable Logic Technology

Define the following acronyms as they apply to digital logic circuits:…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

Ring Counters

Ring Counters

If the output of a shift register is fed back to the input. a ring…


Textbook

AC Negative Feedback OpAmp Circuits

AC Negative Feedback OpAmp Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Optoelectronics

Clipper Circuits

Clipper Circuits

A circuit which removes the peak of a waveform is known as a clipper.…


Textbook

Vol V. Credits

Vol V. Credits

All entries arranged in alphabetical order of surname. Major…


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Digital Ramp ADC

Digital Ramp ADC

Also known as the stairstep-ramp, or simply counter A/D converter,…


Textbook

What is the Relationship Between Conductance and Resistance?

What is the Relationship Between Conductance and Resistance?

The concept and measurement units of resistance are most often used…


Textbook

T-Match Impedance Matching Circuits

T-Match Impedance Matching Circuits

A tool designed to compute the values to be used in a T-match Impedance Circuit


Tools