Demystifying circuit design with Precision DAC Part 1

Sponsored by Texas Instruments

The presentation addresses the Precision DAC Architecture overview, DAC spec parameters and the theory of operation & Design example. All the information is importer for engineer when work on the system design.

Part 1: Speaker starts from a Precision DAC portfolio table to introduce the features as well as the popular application in the industrial market.

Demystifying circuit design with Precision DAC Part 2

Sponsored by Texas Instruments

The presentation addresses the Precision DAC Architecture overview, DAC spec parameters and the theory of operation & Design example. All the information is importer for engineer when work on the system design.

Part 2: In this speaker addresses the resistor ladder (3-bit), the theory and the way it works. Also introduce the R-2R DAC’s advantage, disadvantage and the applications, such as precision instrumentation, industrial control and automation, test equipment.

Potentiometric Voltmeter

Textbook - Vol. VI - Experiments - Chapter 3 - DC Circuits
PARTS AND MATERIALS Two 6 volt batteries One potentiometer, single turn, 10 kΩ, linear taper (Radio Shack catalog # 271-1715) Two high-value resistors (at least 1 MΩ each) Sensitive voltage detector (from the previous experiment) Analog voltmeter (from the previous experiment) The potentiometer value is not critical: anything from 1 kΩ to 100 kΩ is acceptable. If you have built the “precision potentiometer” described earlier in this chapter, it is recommended that you use it in

Safe Meter Usage

Textbook - Vol. I - Direct Current (DC) - Chapter 3 - Electrical Safety
Using an electrical meter safely and efficiently is perhaps the most valuable skill an electronics technician can master, both for the sake of their own personal safety and for proficiency at their trade. It can be daunting at first to use a meter, knowing that you are connecting it to live circuits which may harbor life-threatening levels of voltage and current. This concern is not unfounded, and it is always

4-wire Resistance Measurement

Textbook - Vol. VI - Experiments - Chapter 3 - DC Circuits
PARTS AND MATERIALS 6-volt battery Electromagnet made from experiment in previous chapter, or a large spool of wire It would be ideal in this experiment to have two meters: one voltmeter and one ammeter. For experimenters on a budget, this may not be possible. Whatever ammeter is used should be capable measuring at least a few amps of current. A 6-volt “lantern” battery essentially short-circuited by a long piece of

Wattmeter Design

Textbook - Vol. I - Direct Current (DC) - Chapter 8 - DC Metering Circuits
Power in an electric circuit is the product (multiplication) of voltage and current, so any meter designed to measure power must account for both of these variables. Electrodynamometer Movement A special meter movement designed especially for power measurement is called the dynamometer movement, and is similar to a D’Arsonval or Weston movement in that a lightweight coil of wire is attached to the pointer mechanism. However, unlike the D

Active Loads in Amplifier Circuits

Worksheets - Discrete Semiconductor Devices and Circuits
We know that the current in a series circuit may be calculated with this formula: I = Etotal Rtotal We also know that the voltage dropped across any single resistor in a series circuit may be calculated with this formula: ER = I R Combine these two formulae into one, in such a way that the I variable is eliminated, leaving only ER expressed in terms of Etotal, Rtotal, and R.

Basic Ohmmeter Use

Worksheets - Basic Electricity
Explain how an ohmmeter is able to measure the resistance of a component (in this case, a light bulb) when there is no battery or other source of power connected to it: Also, identify the reading you would expect the ohmmeter to indicate if the light bulb were burnt out (failed “open”).

Ohm’s Law - How Voltage, Current, and Resistance Relate

Textbook - Vol. I - Direct Current (DC) - Chapter 2 - Ohm's Law
The first, and perhaps most important, the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance is called Ohm’s Law, discovered by Georg Simon Ohm and published in his 1827 paper, The Galvanic Circuit Investigated Mathematically. Voltage, Current, and Resistance An electric circuit is formed when a conductive path is created to allow electric charge to continuously move. This continuous movement of electric charge through the conductors of a circuit is called a

Tachogenerators

Textbook - Vol. I - Direct Current (DC) - Chapter 9 - Electrical Instrumentation Signals
An electromechanical generator is a device capable of producing electrical power from mechanical energy, usually the turning of a shaft. When not connected to a load resistance, generators will generate voltage roughly proportional to shaft speed. With precise construction and design, generators can be built to produce very precise voltages for certain ranges of shaft speeds, thus making them well-suited as measurement devices for shaft speed in mechanical equipment. A

Magnetic Units of Measurement

Textbook - Vol. I - Direct Current (DC) - Chapter 14 - Magnetism and Electromagnetism
If the burden of two systems of measurement for common quantities (English vs. metric) throws your mind into confusion, this is not the place for you! Due to an early lack of standardization in the science of magnetism, we have been plagued with no less than three complete systems of measurement for magnetic quantities. First, we need to become acquainted with the various quantities associated with magnetism. There are quite

What is a Meter?

Textbook - Vol. I - Direct Current (DC) - Chapter 8 - DC Metering Circuits
A meter is any device built to accurately detect and display an electrical quantity in a form readable by a human being. Usually, this “readable form” is visual: motion of a pointer on a scale, a series of lights arranged to form a “bar graph,” or some sort of display composed of numerical figures. In the analysis and testing of circuits, there are meters designed to accurately measure the basic

Make Your Own Multimeter

Textbook - Vol. VI - Experiments - Chapter 3 - DC Circuits
PARTS AND MATERIALS Sensitive meter movement (Radio Shack catalog # 22-410) Selector switch, single-pole, multi-throw, break-before-make (Radio Shack catalog # 275-1386 is a 2-pole, 6-position unit that works well) Multi-turn potentiometers, PCB mount (Radio Shack catalog # 271-342 and 271-343 are 15-turn, 1 kΩ and 10 kΩ “trimmer” units, respectively) Assorted resistors, preferably high-precision metal film or wire-wound types (Radio Shack catalog # 271-309 is an assortment of metal-film resistors, +/- 1% tolerance) Plastic or metal mounting

Kelvin (4-wire) Resistance Measurement

Textbook - Vol. I - Direct Current (DC) - Chapter 8 - DC Metering Circuits
Suppose we wished to measure the resistance of some component located a significant distance away from our ohmmeter. Such a scenario would be problematic because an ohmmeter measures all resistance in the circuit loop, which includes the resistance of the wires (Rwire) connecting the ohmmeter to the component being measured (Rsubject): Usually, wire resistance is very small (only a few ohms per hundreds of feet, depending primarily on the gauge

Basic Troubleshooting Strategies

Worksheets - Basic Electricity
A chandelier has five light bulbs in it, and one of them is not working. The problem could be in the chandelier’s wiring (open wire connection, open connection in socket), or in the bulb itself (burned-out filament). Describe a procedure for determining the location of the problem (chandelier vs. bulb), without using any electrical test instruments.

Oscilloscope Trigger Controls

Worksheets - AC Electric Circuits
A very useful tool for observing rotating objects is a strobe light. Basically, a strobe light is nothing more than a very bright flash bulb connected to an electronic pulse generating circuit. The flash bulb periodically emits a bright, brief pulse of light according to the frequency set by the pulse circuit. By setting the period of a strobe light to the period of a rotating object (so the bulb

Ohm’s Law

Textbook - Vol. VI - Experiments - Chapter 2 - Basic Concepts and Test Equipment
PARTS AND MATERIALS Calculator (or pencil and paper for doing arithmetic) 6-volt battery Assortment of resistors between 1 KΩ and 100 kΩ in value I’m purposely restricting the resistance values between 1 kΩ and 100 kΩ for the sake of obtaining accurate voltage and current readings with your meter. With very low resistance values, the internal resistance of the ammeter has a significant impact on measurement accuracy. Very high resistance values can cause

Power Quality Measurement

Textbook - Vol. II - Alternating Current (AC) - Chapter 12 - AC Metering Circuits
It used to be with large AC power systems that “power quality” was an unheard-of concept, aside from power factor. Almost all loads were of the “linear” variety, meaning that they did not distort the shape of the voltage sine wave, or cause non-sinusoidal currents to flow in the circuit. This is not true anymore. Loads controlled by “nonlinear” electronic components are becoming more prevalent in both home and industry,

Voltmeter Design

Textbook - Vol. I - Direct Current (DC) - Chapter 8 - DC Metering Circuits
As was stated earlier, most meter movements are sensitive devices. Some D’Arsonval movements have full-scale deflection current ratings as little as 50 µA, with an (internal) wire resistance of less than 1000 Ω. This makes for a voltmeter with a full-scale rating of only 50 millivolts (50 µA X 1000 Ω)! In order to build voltmeters with practical (higher voltage) scales from such sensitive movements, we need to find some way to reduce the measured quantity

Basic Oscilloscope Operation

Worksheets - AC Electric Circuits
An oscilloscope is a very useful piece of electronic test equipment. Most everyone has seen an oscilloscope in use, in the form of a heart-rate monitor (electrocardiogram, or EKG) of the type seen in doctor’s offices and hospitals. When monitoring heart beats, what do the two axes (horizontal and vertical) of the oscilloscope screen represent? In general electronics use, when measuring AC voltage signals, what do the two axes

AC Voltmeters and Ammeters

Textbook - Vol. II - Alternating Current (AC) - Chapter 12 - AC Metering Circuits
AC electromechanical meter movements come in two basic arrangements: those based on DC movement designs, and those engineered specifically for AC use. Permanent-magnet moving coil (PMMC) meter movements will not work correctly if directly connected to alternating current, because the direction of needle movement will change with each half-cycle of the AC. (Figure below) Permanent-magnet meter movements, like permanent-magnet motors, are devices whose motion depends on the polarity of the

ElectroStatic Discharge

Textbook - Vol. III - Semiconductors - Chapter 9 - Practical Analog Semiconductor Circuits
Volume I chapter 1.1 discusses static electricity, and how it is created. This has a lot more significance than might be first assumed, as control of static electricity plays a large part in modern electronics and other professions. An ElectroStatic Discharge event is when a static charge is bled off in an uncontrolled fashion and will be referred to as ESD hereafter. ESD comes in many forms, it can be as