Meter Check of a Diode

The Functionality of Diode Polarity Being able to determine the…

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Basic Operational Amplifiers

Determine the output voltage polarity of this op-amp (with reference…

Worksheets - Test & Measurement

Parallel DC Circuits Practice Worksheet With Answers

In this circuit, three resistors receive the same amount of voltage…

Worksheets - Test & Measurement

Ohm’s Law - How Voltage, Current, and Resistance Relate

The first, and perhaps most important, relationship between current,…

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Intro Lab - How to Use an Ohmmeter to Measure Resistance

In this hands-on introduction to electronics, you will experiment with a multimeter and learn how to measure resistance using the ohmmeter function.

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BJT Amplifier Troubleshooting

As an instructor of electronics, I am called upon frequently to help…

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Slope (integrating) ADC

So far, we’ve only been able to escape the sheer volume of…

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Magnetic Units of Measurement

In electric circuits, the three basic quantities are voltage (E or V),…

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Bipolar Junction Transistors in Active Mode

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Digital Display Circuits

What is the purpose of a seven-segment decoder circuit? What is a…

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Digital Logic Signals

A rheostat (variable resistor) and a switch are both examples of…

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AC Lab - Musical Keyboard as a Signal Generator

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, an electronic musical keyboard will be used as a variable-frequency AC signal generator to learn the difference between AC amplitude and frequency.

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Voltmeter Impact on Measured Circuit

Every meter impacts the circuit it is measuring to some extent, just…

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Intro Lab - How to Use a Voltmeter to Measure Voltage

In this hands-on introduction to electronics, you will experiment with a multimeter and learn how to measure voltage using the voltmeter function.

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AC Lab - PC Oscilloscope

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, use a PC-based oscilloscope program to observe waveforms from a musical keyboard and learn basic oscilloscope operation.

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Precise Diode Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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DC Lab - Build Your Own Multimeter

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a simple voltmeter and ammeter while learning some fundamentals about circuit measurements.

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Basic Ammeter Use

Show how this ammeter would be connected to the light bulb circuit to…

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Decibel Measurements

During the early development of telephone technology, a unit was…

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Basic AC-DC Power Supplies

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Parallel DC Circuits Practice Worksheet With Answers

In this circuit, three resistors receive the same amount of voltage…

Worksheets - Test & Measurement

Microstrip Wavelength Calculator

A tool designed to calculate the guided wavelength inside a microstrip.

Tools

An Analogy for Ohm’s Law

Ohm’s Law also makes intuitive sense if you apply it to the…

Textbook

Wavelength (TEM) Calculator

This calculator determines the wavelength of a signal given the frequency and dielectric constant.

Tools

What Are Electric Circuits?

You might have been wondering how charges can continuously flow in a…

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Resistivity Calculator

This calculator calculates the resistivity of a component based on its resistance value, length, and cross-sectional area.

Tools

Mesh Current Method (Loop Current Method)

This page provides a step-by-step introduction to using the mesh…

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Capacitor Quirks

As with inductors, the ideal capacitor is a purely reactive device,…

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Active-mode Operation (JFET)

JFETs, like bipolar transistors, are able to “throttle”…

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The Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) as a Switch

Bipolar junction transistors (Also known as BJTs) can be used as an…

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Voltage and Current

As was previously mentioned, we need more than just a continuous path…

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Copper Wire Gauge Table

Solid Copper Wire Table Size Diameter (inches) Cross-sectional area…

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Contributors (4)

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…

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Active-mode Operation (IGFET)

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“Long’’ and “Short’’ Transmission Lines

In DC and low-frequency AC circuits, the characteristic impedance of…

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Design Project: Voltmeter

The most important component of your voltmeter will be the…

Worksheets - Test & Measurement

Shift Registers: Parallel-in, Serial-out (PISO) Conversion

Parallel-in/ serial-out shift registers do everything that the…

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Active Filters

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Signal Modulation

A modern method of electrical power control involves inserting a…

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Logic Signal Voltage Levels

Input Voltages for Logic Gates Logic gate circuits are designed to…

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Si Lab - Astable Multivibrator Audio Oscillator

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build an astable multivibrator (oscillator) circuit that provides an output in the audio frequency range and learn the effect of component values and supply voltage on oscillation frequency.

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Inductance, Reactance, and Admittance Calculator

This calculator gives the reactance and admittance of an inductor or the inductance given the reactance of an inductor

Tools

Why L/R and not LR?

Learn About L/R Time Constants It is often perplexing to new students…

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Clipper Circuits

A circuit which removes the peak of a waveform is known as a clipper.…

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Op-Amp Data

Parametric data for all semiconductor op-amp models except the CA3130…

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Radio Circuits

(a) Crystal radio. (b) Modulated RF at antenna. (c) Rectified RF at…

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Performance-Based Assessments for Digital Circuit Competencies

(Template)

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Electric Fields and Capacitance

Introduction Whenever an electric voltage exists between two separated…

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Time Constant Circuits

Generally speaking, how many “time constants” worth of time does…

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Static Electricity

What does it mean for an object to have an electric charge? Give an…

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Hyperbolic Functions

Note: all angles (x) must be expressed in units of radians for these…

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Intro Lab - A Simple Lighting Circuit

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a battery-operated circuit with a light and learn about open and short circuit failures.

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Design Project: Telegraph System

What voltage will you choose to use for each of the station batteries?

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Energy, Work, and Power

Define the following terms: energy, work, and power.

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Si Lab - Half-wave Rectifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a half-wave rectifier circuit using a silicon diode and learn about the differences between permanent magnet motor operation on AC vs. DC power.

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SPICE Quirks

“Garbage in, garbage out.” —Anonymous   SPICE…

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DC Lab - Precision Potentiometer

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a precision potentiometer from three lower precision potentiometer and learn about voltage range compression and parameter interactions.

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Specific Resistance

Designing Wire Resistance Conductor ampacity rating is a crude…

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AC Waveforms

Radio waves are comprised of oscillating electric and magnetic fields,…

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Digital Lab - 10-bit Flashing LED Sequencer

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build and test an automated circuit that sequentially flashes 10 LED, and learn about counters, frequency dividers, and switch debouncing.

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