The Silicon-Controlled Rectifier (SCR)

Shockley Diodes and Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs) Shockley…

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Bipolar Junction Transistors as Switches

Solid-state switching circuits usually keep their constituent…

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Synchronous Motors

Single Phase Synchronous Motors Single-phase synchronous motors are…

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Stepper Motors

Stepper Motor vs Servo Motor A stepper motor is a…

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ElectroStatic Discharge

At the start of this book, we discussed static electricity and how it…

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DC Lab - Thermoelectricity

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a thermocouple to measure temperature changes and learn about the Seebeck effect.

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Electrical Isolation

SPICE analysis of Electrical Isolation Aside from the ability to…

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AC Lab - Sensing AC Magnetic Fields

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, you will sense AC magnetic fields using a simple wire coil and learn about AC signal coupling, orientation effects, and the impact of shielding using different materials.

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DC Lab - Potentiometer as a Rheostat

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will use a potentiometer as a variable resistor to control the speed of a motor and learn how to connect a potentiometer as a rheostat.

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Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC)

Before the advent of solid-state logic circuits, logical control…

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Networks and Busses

The wires between the tank and the monitoring location is  called…

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Network Protocols

Aside from the issues of the physical network (signal types and…

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Lorentz Force Calculator

This calculator will determine the combined Lorentz force exerted on a charged particle moving through both an electric field and a magnetic field.

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High Voltage Ohmmeters

Most ohmmeters of the design shown in the previous section utilize a…

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Step-up, Step-down, and Isolation Transformers

Calculate the voltage output by the secondary winding of a transformer…

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AC Instrumentation Transducers

Just as devices have been made to measure certain physical quantities…

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Parallel Resistor Calculator

Calculate the equivalent resistance of up to six resistors in parallel with ease while learning how to calculate resistance in parallel and the parallel resistance formula.

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Winding Configurations

Transformers with Multiple Secondaries Transformers are very versatile…

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Pressure Unit Conversion Calculator

This calculator will convert pressure values to ten different standard units for pressure.

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Tube Lab - Vacuum Tube Audio Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build an audio amplifier using a vacuum tube (triode) and learn about voltage transformers, how to build a high-voltage DC power supply, and how to use a transformer for impedance matching.

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Phasor Mathematics

Provide a definition for phasor, as the term applies to electrical…

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DC Generator Theory

Generators used in battery-charging systems must be regulated so as to…

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Capacitors and Calculus

Capacitors do not have a stable “resistance” as conductors…

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LC Resonant Frequency Calculator

A circuit with an inductor (L) and capacitor (C) connected in parallel or series will have a resonant frequency at which their impedances are equal. Given two of the three values—inductance, capacitance, or resonant frequency—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.

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Kelvin (4-wire) Resistance Measurement

Suppose we wished to measure the resistance of some component located…

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IGFET Quirks

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Specific Resistance

Designing Wire Resistance Conductor ampacity rating is a crude…

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Sum-of-Products and Product-of-Sums Expressions

Identify each of these logic gates by name, and complete their…

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Si Lab - Full-wave Bridge Rectifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a full-wave bridge rectifier using silicon diodes and learn some of this circuit's advantages and disadvantages.

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Summer and Subtractor OpAmp Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Design Project: AC-DC Power Supply

Safety is very important when designing and/or building a device…

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Bipolar Junction Transistors in Active Mode

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Why digital?

Although many textbooks provide good introductions to digital memory…

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Resistor Color Code Calculator and Chart—4 Band, 5 Band, or 6 Band Resistors

A handy all-in-one tool for reading resistor color code values for a 4 band resistor, 5 band resistor, or 6 band resistor.

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History of SPICE

SPICE is a computer program designed to simulate analog electronic…

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Step-up, Step-down, and Isolation Transformers

Calculate the voltage output by the secondary winding of a transformer…

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Embedded Microstrip Impedance Calculator

This calculator helps you compute the characteristic impedance of an embedded microstrip.

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Digital Memory Terms and Concepts

When we store information in some kind of circuit or device, we not…

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Special-output Gates

Complementary Output Gates It is sometimes desirable to have a logic…

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Beam Power Tubes

In the beam power tube, the basic four-element structure of the…

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