If a pulse-width modulated (PWM) signal is sent to a passive…
This calculator determines the bias and feedback of resistors for a non-inverting Op-Amp
What Is a R/2nR DAC Circuit? The R/2nR DAC circuit, otherwise known as…
Real operational amplifiers have some imperfections compared to an…
By introducing electrical reactance into the feedback loops of an…
If we connect the output of an op-amp to its inverting input and apply…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
The circuit shown here is a four-bit analog-to-digital converter…
Thyristors are a class of semiconductor components exhibiting…
Parametric data for all semiconductor op-amp models except the CA3130…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
PARTS AND MATERIALS Operational amplifier, model TL082 recommended…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
PARTS AND MATERIALS One NPN transistor—model 2N2222 or 2N3403…
While mention of operational amplifiers typically provokes visions of…
A calculator for computing the gain and output voltage of an operational amplifier
Determine the output voltage polarity of this op-amp (with reference…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
Determine what the magnitude and polarity of the voltmeter’s…
So far, we’ve only been able to escape the sheer volume of…
Our next transistor configuration to study is a bit simpler for gain…
Though it may seem strange to cover the elementary topic of electrical…
Behaviors of Inductors wrapped around a Conductive Core Suppose we…
As we saw in a few SPICE analyses earlier in this chapter, the output…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
Long before the advent of digital electronic technology, computers…
Mercury Standard Cell Back in the early days of electrical measurement…
Phase shift oscillator. R1C1, R2C2, and R3C3 each provide 60° of…
Mathematicians use Venn diagrams to show the logical relationships of…
It may seem difficult to even start on a project such as this, with no…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
While the C-B (common-base) amplifier is known for wider bandwidth…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
So far we know that AC voltage alternates in polarity and AC current…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
One caveat with signed binary numbers is that of overflow, where the…
Also called the parallel A/D converter, this circuit is the simplest…
Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
Generally speaking, how many “time constants” worth of time does…
A mathematician named DeMorgan developed a pair of important rules…
Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…
The logic simplification examples that we have done so far could have…
Schottky diodes Schottky diodes are constructed of a metal-to-N…
Note: all angles (x) must be expressed in units of radians for these…
You may have wondered where we got that strange equation for the…
Safety is very important when designing and/or building a device…
A right triangle is defined as having one angle precisely…
Shaded Pole Induction Motor An easy way to provide starting torque to…
Write an equation describing the precise mathematical relationship…
PARTS AND MATERIALS One large potato One lemon (optional) Strip of…
What is Rectification? Now we come to the most popular application of…
Convert to and from different units of length, weight, power, temperature and torque
In the beam power tube, the basic four-element structure of the…
This tool is designed to calculate the value of resistance R1 in a reflection attenuator.
It is imperative to understand that the type of numeration system used…
Pure resistive AC circuit: voltage and current are in phase. …
Buses and networks are designed to allow communication to occur…
Since transformers are essentially AC devices, we need to be aware of…
