All About Circuits

Latest 5G Education

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A 50-Ohm Cable?

A 50-Ohm Cable?

Early in my explorations of electricity, I came across a length of…


Textbook

Design Project: Telegraph System

Design Project: Telegraph System

What voltage will you choose to use for each of the station batteries?


Worksheets - 5G

Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator

Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator

This calculator will determine the correct antenna downtilt angle given the heights of the antennas and distance between them.


Tools

Balanced Attenuator Calculator

Balanced Attenuator Calculator

This balanced attenuator calculator helps you determine the resistor (R1) values for a balanced attenuator.


Tools

Passive Filter Circuits

Passive Filter Circuits

In very simple, qualitative terms, rate the impedance of capacitors…


Worksheets - 5G

Digital Communication

Digital Communication

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


Worksheets - 5G

Link Budget Calculator

Link Budget Calculator

A Link Budget puts into account all gains and losses a signal goes through in a system as it is transmitted. The calculator calculates the power of the received signal given amplifier and antenna gains, and medium loss.


Tools

Snell’s Law Calculator

Snell’s Law Calculator

Given three of the four input parameters (refractive indices, angles of incidence, and refraction) this tool calculates the missing variable based on Snell's law.


Tools

Friis Transmission Calculator

Friis Transmission Calculator

This calculator allows you to solve for any of the six variables in the Friis formula for RF transmission: transmitter power, transmitter gain, receiver power, receiver gain, frequency, or distance.


Tools

EIRP Calculator

EIRP Calculator

A helpful tool for computing the Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) of an antenna


Tools

Bridged-Tee Attenuator Calculator

Bridged-Tee Attenuator Calculator

This calculator helps you determine the values of the resistors R1 and R2 to be used for a bridged-tee attenuator.


Tools

Radar Maximum Range Calculator

Radar Maximum Range Calculator

This tool is designed to calculate the maximum distance (range) that a radar can detect


Tools

Q Factor and Bandwidth of a Resonant Circuit

Q Factor and Bandwidth of a Resonant Circuit

The Q, or quality, factor of a resonant circuit is a measure of the…


Textbook

Digital Logic Functions

Digital Logic Functions

We can construct a simple logic functions for our hypothetical lamp…


Textbook

Overcurrent Protection

Overcurrent Protection

What hazards might be posed by a circuit with excessive current going…


Worksheets - 5G

Microstrip Max Current Calculator

Microstrip Max Current Calculator

A calculator for solving the maximum current a microstrip can handle.


Tools

Electrons and “holes’’

Electrons and “holes’’

Pure semiconductors are relatively good insulators as compared with…


Textbook

Slope (integrating) ADC

Slope (integrating) ADC

So far, we’ve only been able to escape the sheer volume of…


Textbook

Step-up and Step-down Transformers

Step-up and Step-down Transformers

So far, we’ve observed simulations of transformers where the…


Textbook

Ohm’s Law - How Voltage, Current, and Resistance Relate

Ohm’s Law - How Voltage, Current, and Resistance Relate

The first, and perhaps most important, relationship between current,…


Textbook

Millman’s Theorem Revisited

Millman’s Theorem Revisited

You may have wondered where we got that strange equation for the…


Textbook

Special-purpose Diodes

Special-purpose Diodes

Schottky diodes Schottky diodes are constructed of a metal-to-N…


Textbook

DC Lab - Series Batteries

DC Lab - Series Batteries

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will connect batteries in series and learn the relationship between the individual battery voltages and the total series voltage.


Textbook

Miscellaneous Diode Applications

Miscellaneous Diode Applications

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - 5G

Series-Parallel DC Circuits

Series-Parallel DC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - 5G

Atomic Structure

Atomic Structure

Shown here is a simplified representation of an atom: the smallest…


Worksheets - 5G

Design Project: Telegraph System

Design Project: Telegraph System

What voltage will you choose to use for each of the station batteries?


Worksheets - 5G

Digital Lab - S-R Flip-flop Using NAND Gates

Digital Lab - S-R Flip-flop Using NAND Gates

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build an edge-triggered S-R flip-flop, learn the difference between a latch and a flip-flop, and experience how a switch bounce can cause logic errors.


Textbook

Voltage and Current in a Practical Circuit

Voltage and Current in a Practical Circuit

Because it takes energy to force charge to flow against the opposition…


Textbook

Convert MCD to Lumens

Convert MCD to Lumens

This calculator is useful for calculating the luminous flux for LEDs where the angle is known.


Tools

DC Lab - Build Your Own Multimeter

DC Lab - Build Your Own Multimeter

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a simple voltmeter and ammeter while learning some fundamentals about circuit measurements.


Textbook

Electrical Connections

Electrical Connections

What, exactly, is necessary to establish electrical continuity between…


Worksheets - 5G

Inductor Sizing Equation

Inductor Sizing Equation

The Inductance Formula     Wheeler’s formulas for…


Textbook