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Attenuators

Attenuators

What is Attenuators? Attenuators are passive devices. It is…


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Input and Output Coupling

Input and Output Coupling

To overcome the challenge of creating necessary DC bias voltage for an…


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AC Lab - Sensitive Voltage Detector with Audio Output

AC Lab - Sensitive Voltage Detector with Audio Output

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will construct a voltage detector with adjustable sensitivity and audio output, and you will learn a method for detecting small electrical signals without an oscilloscope.


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Open-Loop OpAmp Circuits

Open-Loop OpAmp Circuits

Determine what the magnitude and polarity of the voltmeter’s…


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Series-Parallel Combination AC Circuits

Series-Parallel Combination AC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Summer and Subtractor OpAmp Circuits

Summer and Subtractor OpAmp Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Biasing Techniques (BJT)

Biasing Techniques (BJT)

In the common-emitter section of this chapter, we saw a SPICE analysis…


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Impedance

Impedance

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Basic Troubleshooting Strategies

Basic Troubleshooting Strategies

A chandelier has five light bulbs in it, and one of them is not…


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Resonance

Resonance

The Q factor of a series inductive circuit is given by the following…


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Decibel Measurements

Decibel Measurements

During the early development of telephone technology, a unit was…


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Bipolar Transistor Biasing Circuits

Bipolar Transistor Biasing Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Tube Lab - Vacuum Tube Audio Amplifier

Tube Lab - Vacuum Tube Audio Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build an audio amplifier using a vacuum tube (triode) and learn about voltage transformers, how to build a high-voltage DC power supply, and how to use a transformer for impedance matching.


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The Common-emitter Amplifier

The Common-emitter Amplifier

At the beginning of this chapter, it illustrates how transistors could…


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Design Project: Audio Media-Based Signal Generator

Design Project: Audio Media-Based Signal Generator

Identify some different ways you can create the sine-wave audio tracks…


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AC Network Analysis

AC Network Analysis

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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BJT Quirks

BJT Quirks

An ideal transistor would show 0% distortion in amplifying a signal.…


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Passive Filter Circuits

Passive Filter Circuits

In very simple, qualitative terms, rate the impedance of capacitors…


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Radio Circuits

Radio Circuits

(a) Crystal radio. (b) Modulated RF at antenna. (c) Rectified RF at…


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Op-Amp Practical Considerations

Op-Amp Practical Considerations

Real operational amplifiers have some imperfections compared to an…


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Basic Electricity Worksheet

Basic Electricity Worksheet

What is the purpose of the switch shown in this schematic diagram?


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Decibel Calculator

Decibel Calculator

This calculator will convert voltage or power gains into decibels. Enter one of the three values and the calculator will output the other two.


Tools

Analog Lab - Class B Audio Amplifier

Analog Lab - Class B Audio Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a Class B push-pull audio amplifier to drive a speaker and learn about crossover distortion and how to minimize it using negative feedback.


Textbook

Performance-Based Assessments for AC Circuit Competencies

Performance-Based Assessments for AC Circuit Competencies

(Template)


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AC Waveforms

AC Waveforms

Radio waves are comprised of oscillating electric and magnetic fields,…


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Open-Loop OpAmp Circuits

Open-Loop OpAmp Circuits

Determine what the magnitude and polarity of the voltmeter’s…


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BJT Amplifier Troubleshooting

BJT Amplifier Troubleshooting

As an instructor of electronics, I am called upon frequently to help…


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Impedance

Impedance

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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AC Lab - Frequency Analysis

AC Lab - Frequency Analysis

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, use the frequency spectrum display from an oscilloscope program to observe waveforms from a musical keyboard and learn about spectral analysis.


Textbook

Multi-Stage Transistor Amplifiers

Multi-Stage Transistor Amplifiers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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LC Resonant Frequency Calculator

LC Resonant Frequency Calculator

A circuit with an inductor (L) and capacitor (C) connected in parallel or series will have a resonant frequency at which their impedances are equal. Given two of the three values—inductance, capacitance, or resonant frequency—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.


Tools

Multiplexers and Demultiplexers

Multiplexers and Demultiplexers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


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Tubes versus Semiconductors

Tubes versus Semiconductors

Devoting a whole chapter in a modern electronics text to the design…


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Active Filters

Active Filters

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Introduction to Mixed-Frequency AC Signals

Introduction to Mixed-Frequency AC Signals

In our study of AC circuits thus far, we’ve explored circuits…


Textbook

Standing Waves and Resonance

Standing Waves and Resonance

Whenever there is a mismatch of impedance between transmission line…


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Class A BJT Amplifiers

Class A BJT Amplifiers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Mixed-Frequency Signals

Mixed-Frequency Signals

What is a harmonic frequency? If an oscillator circuit outputs a…


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Phase-Locked Loops

Phase-Locked Loops

This is a schematic for a simple VCO: The oscillator is of the RC…


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Clipper and Clamper Circuits

Clipper and Clamper Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Current Divider Circuits and the Current Divider Formula

Current Divider Circuits and the Current Divider Formula

A parallel circuit is often called a current divider for its ability…


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Hand Calculator Use

Hand Calculator Use

To enter numbers in scientific notation into a hand calculator, there…


Textbook

AC Lab - Signal and Noise Coupling

AC Lab - Signal and Noise Coupling

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, power a DC motor through a multi-conductor cable to learn how AC signals are coupled between conductors and how to mitigate noise coupling.


Textbook

Decimal versus Binary Numeration

Decimal versus Binary Numeration

Let’s count from zero to twenty using four different kinds of…


Textbook

Embedded Microstrip Impedance Calculator

Embedded Microstrip Impedance Calculator

This calculator helps you compute the characteristic impedance of an embedded microstrip.


Tools

Basic Logic Gates

Basic Logic Gates

Identify the type of logic gate shown in this schematic diagram, and…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Digital Lab - Basic 2-Input NAND Gate Circuit

Digital Lab - Basic 2-Input NAND Gate Circuit

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build and test a 2-input digital NAND gate with LED indicators and learn to read pinout diagrams, power a digital IC, connect unused inputs and outputs, and use pulldown resistors.


Textbook

Intro Lab - Nonlinear Resistance

Intro Lab - Nonlinear Resistance

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will compare the resistance of a lamp filament in its on and off states and learn about nonlinear resistances by applying Ohm's law.


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Non-right Triangle Trigonometry

Non-right Triangle Trigonometry

The Law of Sines (for any triangle) The Law of Cosines (for any…


Textbook

Scientific Notation in SPICE

Scientific Notation in SPICE

The SPICE circuit simulation computer program uses scientific notation…


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Temperature Coefficient of Resistance

Temperature Coefficient of Resistance

It is a common phenomenon for the electrical resistance of a substance…


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Current Signal Systems

Current Signal Systems

Current Source It is possible through the use of electronic amplifiers…


Textbook

Inverting and Noninverting OpAmp Voltage Amplifier Circuits

Inverting and Noninverting OpAmp Voltage Amplifier Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Programmable Logic Controllers

Programmable Logic Controllers

The Programmable Logic Controller, or PLC, was invented in the late…


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Diodes

Diodes

A diode is an electronics component made from a combination of a…


Textbook

Boolean Rules for Simplification

Boolean Rules for Simplification

Boolean algebra finds its most practical use in the simplification of…


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Electrical Transients

Electrical Transients

This chapter explores the response of capacitors and inductors to…


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Potentiometers

Potentiometers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Parallel Resistor-Capacitor Circuits

Parallel Resistor-Capacitor Circuits

Using the same value components in our series example circuit, we will…


Textbook

Properties of Exponents

Properties of Exponents

Product of Powers Property am an = am+n   Power of a Product…


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