All About Circuits

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Safe Meter Usage

Safe Meter Usage

Using an electrical meter safely and efficiently is perhaps the most…


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Biasing Techniques (BJT)

Biasing Techniques (BJT)

In the common-emitter section of this chapter, we saw a SPICE analysis…


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Building Resistor Circuits Using Breadboards, Perfboards, and Terminal Strips

Building Resistor Circuits Using Breadboards, Perfboards, and Terminal Strips

Over the course of learning about electricity, you will want to…


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Series DC Circuits Practice Worksheet with Answers

Series DC Circuits Practice Worksheet with Answers

In this circuit, three resistors receive the same amount of current (4…


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Parallel DC Circuits Practice Worksheet With Answers

Parallel DC Circuits Practice Worksheet With Answers

In this circuit, three resistors receive the same amount of voltage…


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Series-Parallel DC Circuits

Series-Parallel DC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Voltage and Current

Voltage and Current

As was previously mentioned, we need more than just a continuous path…


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Superposition Theorem

Superposition Theorem

The superposition theorem is one of those strokes of genius that takes…


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DC Mesh Current Analysis

DC Mesh Current Analysis

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Performance-Based Assessments for AC Circuit Competencies

Performance-Based Assessments for AC Circuit Competencies

(Template)


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Elementary Circuits

Elementary Circuits

In the simplest terms you can think of, define what an electrical…


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How to Use Thevenin’s Theorem

How to Use Thevenin’s Theorem

This page will walk you step-by-step through the process of…


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Kirchhoff’s Laws

Kirchhoff’s Laws

Many electronic circuits use what is called a split or a dual power…


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Si Lab - A Simple BJT Current Mirror Circuit

Si Lab - A Simple BJT Current Mirror Circuit

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a simple current mirror using matched bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and learn about current mirror circuit limitations, the temperature dependence of BJTs, and thermal runaway.


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Practical Considerations - Batteries

Practical Considerations - Batteries

When connecting batteries together to form larger “banks”…


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Rectifying Diodes

Rectifying Diodes

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Special-purpose Batteries

Special-purpose Batteries

Mercury Standard Cell Back in the early days of electrical measurement…


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Energy, Work, and Power

Energy, Work, and Power

Define the following terms: energy, work, and power.


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Regulated Power Sources

Regulated Power Sources

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Battery Ratings

Battery Ratings

Because batteries create current flow in a circuit by exchanging…


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Protective Relays

Protective Relays

A special type of relay is one that monitors the current, voltage,…


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Basic Circuit Troubleshooting

Basic Circuit Troubleshooting

Determine if the light bulb will de-energize for each of the following…


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Nonlinear OpAmp Circuits

Nonlinear OpAmp Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Si Lab - Half-wave Rectifier

Si Lab - Half-wave Rectifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a half-wave rectifier circuit using a silicon diode and learn about the differences between permanent magnet motor operation on AC vs. DC power.


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Negative Feedback

Negative Feedback

If we connect the output of an op-amp to its inverting input and apply…


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Counters

Counters

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


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RF Power Conversion Calculator

RF Power Conversion Calculator

A tool designed to convert RF power from watts to decibels and vice versa


Tools

Linear Computational Circuitry

Linear Computational Circuitry

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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DC Lab - Potentiometer Voltage Divider

DC Lab - Potentiometer Voltage Divider

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will use potentiometers to vary a voltage and learn about voltage divider ratios and potentiometer applications.


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Delta and Wye 3-Phase Circuits

Delta and Wye 3-Phase Circuits

Label where each of the following electrical quantities would be found…


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Gas Discharge Tubes

Gas Discharge Tubes

If you’ve ever witnessed a lightning storm, you’ve seen…


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Electromagnetic Induction

Electromagnetic Induction

While Oersted’s surprising discovery of electromagnetism paved…


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Capacitive Reactance

Capacitive Reactance

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Wiring Color Codes

Wiring Color Codes

Wiring for AC and DC power distribution branch circuits are color…


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The Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) as a Switch

The Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) as a Switch

Bipolar junction transistors (Also known as BJTs) can be used as an…


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Three-phase Y and Delta Configurations

Three-phase Y and Delta Configurations

Three-phase Wye(Y) Connection Initially, we explored the idea of…


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Rectifier Circuits

Rectifier Circuits

What is Rectification? Now we come to the most popular application of…


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Design Project: Dual-output AC-DC Power Supply

Design Project: Dual-output AC-DC Power Supply

Safety is very important when designing and/or building a device…


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Amplifiers

Amplifiers

Practical Benefit of Active Devices The practical benefit of active…


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DC Branch Current Analysis

DC Branch Current Analysis

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Differentiator and Integrator Circuits

Differentiator and Integrator Circuits

By introducing electrical reactance into the feedback loops of an…


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Quantum Devices

Quantum Devices

Most integrated circuits are digital, based on MOS (CMOS) transistors.…


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Digital Logic Signals

Digital Logic Signals

A rheostat (variable resistor) and a switch are both examples of…


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Decibels Equations

Decibels Equations

  RELATED WORKSHEETS: Decibel Measurements Worksheet


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Meter Check of a Diode

Meter Check of a Diode

The Functionality of Diode Polarity Being able to determine the…


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TTL NAND and AND gates

TTL NAND and AND gates

Suppose we altered our basic open-collector inverter circuit, adding a…


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Likely Failures in Unproven Systems

Likely Failures in Unproven Systems

“All men are liable to error;” —John Locke Whereas…


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Questions to Ask Before Proceeding

Questions to Ask Before Proceeding

Has the system ever worked before? If yes, has anything happened to…


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Design Project: Dual-output AC-DC Power Supply

Design Project: Dual-output AC-DC Power Supply

Safety is very important when designing and/or building a device…


Worksheets - Batteries

Si Lab - Intro to Discrete Semiconductor Circuits

Si Lab - Intro to Discrete Semiconductor Circuits

In these hands-on semiconductor electronics experiments, learn to build and test circuits using discrete silicon (Si) devices, including diodes and transistors. Also, learn important circuit designs, including rectifiers, current mirrors, amplifiers, and oscillators.


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Electron Activity in Chemical Reactions

Electron Activity in Chemical Reactions

So far in our discussions on electricity and electric circuits, we…


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Transistor Ratings and Packages (IGFET)

Transistor Ratings and Packages (IGFET)


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Three-phase Transformer Circuits

Three-phase Transformer Circuits

Since three-phase is used so often for power distribution systems, it…


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Meter Check of a Transistor (JFET)

Meter Check of a Transistor (JFET)

Testing a JFET with a multimeter might seem to be a relatively easy…


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Practical Considerations - Capacitors

Practical Considerations - Capacitors

Capacitors, like all electrical components, have limitations that must…


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Ammeter Design

Ammeter Design

What would happen to this meter movement, if connected directly to a…


Worksheets - Batteries

Wire Microstrip Impedance Calculator

Wire Microstrip Impedance Calculator

A helpful tool for calculating the impedance of a wire microstrip.


Tools

The Junction Field-effect Transistor (JFET) as a Switch

The Junction Field-effect Transistor (JFET) as a Switch

Like its bipolar cousin, the field-effect transistor may be used as an…


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Impedance

Impedance

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Stepper Motor Calculator

Stepper Motor Calculator

A tool designed to calculate the maximum speed, minimum time per step and maximum power of a stepper motor


Tools