All About Circuits

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Digital Display Circuits

Digital Display Circuits

What is the purpose of a seven-segment decoder circuit? What is a…


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Analog-to-Digital Conversion

Analog-to-Digital Conversion

The circuit shown here is a four-bit analog-to-digital converter…


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Optical Data Communication

Optical Data Communication

A modern alternative to sending (binary) digital information via…


Textbook

Passive Filter Circuits

Passive Filter Circuits

In very simple, qualitative terms, rate the impedance of capacitors…


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Performance-Based Assessments for Semiconductor Circuit Competencies

Performance-Based Assessments for Semiconductor Circuit Competencies


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Digital Communication

Digital Communication

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


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Practical considerations - Digital Communication

Practical considerations - Digital Communication

A principal consideration for industrial control networks, where the…


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Waveguides

Waveguides

A waveguide is a special form of transmission line consisting of a…


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Network Topology

Network Topology

Point-to-Point Connecting two digital devices with a network, would…


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Network Protocols

Network Protocols

Aside from the issues of the physical network (signal types and…


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A 50-Ohm Cable?

A 50-Ohm Cable?

Early in my explorations of electricity, I came across a length of…


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Microcontroller Principles

Microcontroller Principles

Read the following quotation, and then research the term…


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Networks and Busses

Networks and Busses

The wires between the tank and the monitoring location is  called…


Textbook

Network Topology

Network Topology

Point-to-Point Connecting two digital devices with a network, would…


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Introduction to Network Theorems for Circuit Analysis

Introduction to Network Theorems for Circuit Analysis

Anyone who’s studied geometry should be familiar with the…


Textbook

Passive Filter Circuits

Passive Filter Circuits

In very simple, qualitative terms, rate the impedance of capacitors…


Worksheets - Optical Networking

Multiplexers and Demultiplexers

Multiplexers and Demultiplexers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


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Latch Circuits

Latch Circuits

What do you think this logic buffer gate will do, with the output…


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Counters

Counters

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


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Series-Parallel DC Circuits

Series-Parallel DC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Basic Troubleshooting Strategies

Basic Troubleshooting Strategies

A chandelier has five light bulbs in it, and one of them is not…


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Nonlinear OpAmp Circuits

Nonlinear OpAmp Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Digital Communication

Digital Communication

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


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Solving Unbalanced Wheatstone Bridge Circuits Via Mesh Current Method

Solving Unbalanced Wheatstone Bridge Circuits Via Mesh Current Method

An unbalanced Wheatstone bridge cannot be solved using simple series…


Textbook

Series-Parallel Combination AC Circuits

Series-Parallel Combination AC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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TTL Logic Gates

TTL Logic Gates

Counting practice: count from zero to thirty-one in binary, octal, and…


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A 50-Ohm Cable?

A 50-Ohm Cable?

Early in my explorations of electricity, I came across a length of…


Textbook

PN Junctions

PN Junctions

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Mesh Current Method (Loop Current Method)

Mesh Current Method (Loop Current Method)

This page provides a step-by-step introduction to using the mesh…


Textbook

Time Constant Calculations

Time Constant Calculations

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Data Flow

Data Flow

Buses and networks are designed to allow communication to occur…


Textbook

Encoders and Decoders

Encoders and Decoders

What does it mean, in general terms, to encode something? Conversely,…


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Power Conversion Circuits

Power Conversion Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Current Divider Circuits and the Current Divider Formula

Current Divider Circuits and the Current Divider Formula

A parallel circuit is often called a current divider for its ability…


Textbook

Vol IV. Credits

Vol IV. Credits

All entries arranged in alphabetical order of surname. Major…


Textbook

Series-Parallel DC Circuits

Series-Parallel DC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Programmable Logic Controllers

Programmable Logic Controllers

The Programmable Logic Controller, or PLC, was invented in the late…


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Boolean Algebraic Identities

Boolean Algebraic Identities

In mathematics, an identity is a statement true for all possible…


Textbook

Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator

Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator

This tool calculates the dimensions of the microstrip patch antenna given the desired operating frequency.


Tools

Switch Types

Switch Types

Though it may seem strange to cover the elementary topic of electrical…


Textbook

Control Circuits

Control Circuits


Textbook

Wheatstone Bridge Calculator

Wheatstone Bridge Calculator

This calculator helps determine the resistance of a variable resistor within a Wheatstone bridge circuit or the differential voltage created across the bridge terminals.


Tools

Applications of Resonance

Applications of Resonance

So far, the phenomenon of resonance appears to be a useless curiosity,…


Textbook

Amplifier Circuits

Amplifier Circuits

Note, Q3 and Q4 in the figure below are complementary, NPN and PNP…


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Scientific Notation

Scientific Notation

In many disciplines of science and engineering, very large and very…


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Phase-locked Loops

Phase-locked Loops


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Bipolar Junction Transistors

Bipolar Junction Transistors

The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) was named because its operation…


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BJT Amplifier Troubleshooting

BJT Amplifier Troubleshooting

As an instructor of electronics, I am called upon frequently to help…


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Square Wave Signals

Square Wave Signals

It has been found that any repeating, non-sinusoidal waveform can be…


Textbook

Junction field-effect transistors (JFET)

Junction field-effect transistors (JFET)

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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DC Branch Current Analysis

DC Branch Current Analysis

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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AC Metrology

AC Metrology

In power distribution systems, it is very important to be able to…


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ElectroStatic Discharge

ElectroStatic Discharge

At the start of this book, we discussed static electricity and how it…


Textbook