Don’t Care Cells in the Karnaugh Map

Up to this point we have considered logic reduction problems where…

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Successive Approximation ADC

One method of addressing the digital ramp ADC’s shortcomings is…

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Vol III. Credits

All entries arranged in alphabetical order of surname. Major…

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CMOS Gate Circuitry

Up until this point, our analysis of transistor logic circuits has…

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Binary Overflow

One caveat with signed binary numbers is that of overflow, where the…

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Practical Considerations of ADC Circuits

Perhaps the most important consideration of an ADC is its resolution.…

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Boolean Algebraic Identities

In mathematics, an identity is a statement true for all possible…

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Boolean Arithmetic

Let us begin our exploration of Boolean algebra by adding numbers…

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Boolean Algebraic Properties

Another type of mathematical identity, called a “property”…

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Series-Parallel DC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Fail-safe Design

Logic circuits, whether comprised of electromechanical relays or…

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Binary Math Circuits

Add the following binary numbers:

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Analog Lab - 555 Oscillator (Astable Multivibrator)

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build an oscillator using a 555 timer and learn the theory of operation of the 555 timer when configured as an astable multivibrator.

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Octal and Hexadecimal Numeration

Because binary numeration requires so many bits to represent…

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Tracking ADC

A third variation on the counter-DAC-based converter theme is, in my…

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Karnaugh Mapping

Identify each of these logic gates by name, and complete their…

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Microcontroller Principles

Read the following quotation, and then research the term…

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DeMorgan’s Theorems

A mathematician named DeMorgan developed a pair of important rules…

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Digital Display Circuits

What is the purpose of a seven-segment decoder circuit? What is a…

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Negative Binary Numbers

With addition being easily accomplished, we can perform the operation…

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Performance-Based Assessments for Digital Circuit Competencies

(Template)

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Circuits and the Speed of Light

Suppose we had a simple one-battery, one-lamp circuit controlled by a…

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Practical Considerations - Inductors

Inductors, like all electrical components, have limitations which must…

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Special-purpose Diodes

Schottky diodes Schottky diodes are constructed of a metal-to-N…

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Servo Motor Systems

Explain the operation of this “H-bridge” motor control circuit: At…

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The Importance of Electrical Safety

With this lesson, I hope to avoid a common mistake found in…

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Bipolar Transistor Biasing Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Encoders and Decoders

What does it mean, in general terms, to encode something? Conversely,…

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Basic Electromagnetic Relays

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze relay…

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The R/2R DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter)

The R/2R DAC circuit is an alternative to the binary-weighted-input…

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DC Generator Theory

Generators used in battery-charging systems must be regulated so as to…

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AC Lab - Noise Cancellation

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, you will use an AC voltage source connected to speakers to learn about sound waves and the foundational principle used in noise cancelling headphones.

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Semiconductor Devices in SPICE

The SPICE (Simulation Program, Integrated Circuit Emphesis)…

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Performance-Based Assessments for Network Analysis Competencies

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Meter Check of a Transistor (JFET)

Testing a JFET with a multimeter might seem to be a relatively easy…

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The NOT Gate

The single-transistor inverter circuit illustrated earlier is actually…

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Series Resistor-Inductor Circuits

In the previous section, we explored what would happen in simple…

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Capacitor Transient Response

Because capacitors store energy in the form of an electric field, they…

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Inductor Transient Response

Inductors have the exact opposite characteristics of capacitors.…

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What Are Electric Circuits?

You might have been wondering how charges can continuously flow in a…

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